The Results of Migration 167 



political capital by playing upon this fear in the minds of 

 the ignorant voters in very black districts, is, in part, due to 

 the dispersion of Negro population and the increasing pro- 

 portion of white people in almost every Southern com- 

 munity. 



A reas Gaining by Migration. — In areas gaining by migra- 

 tion, prejudice seems, at least tempor arily, to assume its 

 most aggravR^ forme Tl 1f M nfYirfirnpr>t f population since 

 the Civil War has done much to brea k down that personal 

 rplatmngm'p hptwppn fami %s Q f ex-sl ave owners and ex- 

 slaves which has been such a pot pnt mflaCQCCi maintaining 

 w hite sympathy for the Neg ro's problems and stimulating 

 mutual-aid* Many of these Southern white people with the 

 best ante-bellum traditions were the most understanding and 

 sympathetic friends of the colored people. In areas gaining 

 by mjgration, white people and c olored people who are 

 stranger s to one another come togethe r without the ante- 

 be llum traditions. More or less competitio n and race fric- 

 tioiL jesults. In the most extreme casjj ^dll»*takes the form 

 of riots suc h as those of Atlanta ^n 1908, oj the recent 

 ri ots in Northern citie s. It also impears in^ fce increased 

 tendency toward s segregation i" , Nor thern r.itipg. This is 

 especially evident in the schools and social agencies of Phila- 

 delphia, Chicago, St Louis and a number of Ohio cities. 



On the other hand, in moving out of the Black Belt into 

 these "whit er" areas, the Negroes are m ore interspersed with 

 a w hite population. They have more chance to observe pro- 

 gressive farming and industrial methods and attain a higher 

 standard ot living, and tney are~m"a position to benefit by 

 the' better roads and piiblic"works of the areas which have 

 a la rger population ot white people in the population, and a 

 higher , per capita w ealth. 



This brief sketch of the effects of migration on Negro 

 problems indicates its wide influence. The Negro popula- 

 tion has changed so rapidly during the past 50 years, and bids 

 fair to continue to change so rapidly, that the student of any 



