14 HISTORY oy 



Greece, maratime states, possessing as they did, a limited 

 temtory, would naturally have to resort to emigration. — 

 Commercial enterprize led as much to colonization as a'ny 

 one single cause. 



Many of the Colonies of North America were the 

 consequences of emigration, either voluntary, or produced 

 by religious persecution, in the Fatherland, where many 

 an aching heart yearned after a place of peace and 

 repose, where in obedience to the dictates of a quickened 

 conscience, strains of worship, praises of the Almighty, 

 might be poured forth unmolestedly. 



The Colonies established by the Carthagenians, were 

 made through conquest and for the purpose of keeping 

 the country in subjection. The policy of the Romans 

 was, in the earliest ages of the republic, of sending out 

 colonies to the conquered nations, to enforce the authority 

 of the mother country upon the vanquished people. — 

 Their colonies, in this respect, differed essentially from 

 many others; and have very appropriately been called 



Die Rocmische Besaizungen, the outposts of Rome. 



The Venetian system of colonies in Candia and Cyprus, 

 resembled that of Rome. The limits of this chapter will 

 not permit enlargement. 



A principle had obtained in Europe, that a new dis- 

 covered country belonged to the nation, whose people 

 first discovered it. Eugene IV. and Alexander VI. suc- 

 cessively granted to Portugal and Spain all the countries 

 possessed by infidels, which should be occupied by the 

 industry of their subjects, and subdued by the force of 

 their arms. The colonies, established in North America, 

 were founded upon more equitable principles. In almost 

 every instance, possession of the country was taken with 

 the least possible injury to the aborigines. Lands were 

 purcJiased from the natives. It liad been, according to 



