LANCASTER COUNTT. 435 



the elements, natural, physical, moral and intellectual, if 

 these are properly cultivated, to secure to itself a niche of 

 distinction in the Keystone State. 



Notes. — The winter of 1784, was considered one of the 

 hardest winters for forty years. The same year there was a 

 high flood of the Susquehanna. 



Travelling in 1784. This year Frederick Schaeffer establish- 

 ed a travelling accommodation stage, which occupied three 

 days in returning to and from Philadelphia. 



In 1792 the turnpike from Lancaster to Philadelphia, 62 miles 

 in length, was commenced, and finished in 1794 — cost $465,000; 

 at about $7,516 per mile. 



Population of Lancaster county in 1790. Free white male 

 persons of 16 years and upwards, including heads of families, 

 9,713; free white males under 16 years, 8,070; free white 

 females, including heads of families, 17,471; all other free 

 pei'sons, 545; slaves, 348 — total 30.179. 



Members of Assembly from Lancaster county : — 1789, James 

 Clemson, John Hopkins, Henry Dering, James Cunningham, 

 Jacob Erb, John Miller. 1790, James Cunningham, Williaai 

 Webb, Abraham Carpenter, Jacob Erb, John Breckbill, 



