18 HISTORY or 



places within the present Umits of Delaware and Penn- 

 sylvania ; among these may be enumerated, Mocoponaca, 

 the present town of Chester, Manaiung, a fort at the 

 mouth of the Schuylkill. They seemed to flourish ; but 

 amid their prosperity, some envied them; for it appears, 

 the Dutch colonists viewed the Swedes as rivals, or in- 

 truders. Notwithstanding the solemn protestations of the 

 Swedes, the Dutch built a fort in 1651, at New Castle, in 

 the very heart of New Sweden. Risingh, Printz^s suc- 

 cessor, by a well matured stratagem, displaced the intru- 

 ders. This success did not daunt the Dutch; — viewed as 

 an insult to them, Peter Stuyvesant, Dutch governor, em- 

 barked at New Amsterdam, with an armament consisting 

 of six vessels, and seven hundred choice men ; invaded 

 New Sweden; reduced the whole colony, in 1655. Al- 

 though the Swedish empire was of brief destiny ; the tri- 

 umph of the Dutch was alike short. "In 1664, Charles 

 II. of England, regardless of previous settlements by 

 others, deemed it not inexpedient to grant all the large 

 territoiy, not only of New Netherland, but New Sweden, 

 to his brother, the Duke of York : and the country was 

 taken possession of by an expedition of three ships and 

 six hundred men, under the command of Col. Richard 

 Nichols. New Amsterdam was thenceforth called New 

 York.'^ The Duke's grant, from the King, also included 

 New Jersey. He likewise obtained Delaware. In 1682 

 William Penn purchased New Castle, and the country 

 for a compass of twelve miles around it, of the Duke of 

 York; and afterwards extended his purchase to Cape 

 Henlopen. This country^ called the Lower Counties of 

 Delaware, remained a portion of the colony of Pennsyl- 

 vania, till 1703. 



