5^ HISTORY OF 



live and the legislators, owing to the quarrels between 

 them, had done nothing, in their respective capacities,, 

 that resulted in a benefit to the country. Besides this- 

 fbimily feud and Indian perplexities, the trade of the pro- 

 Tince b-ad been greatly interrupted by the privateers of the 

 enemies cruizing and capturing vessels. There was na 

 remedy for all this, as long as Evans was Governor. — 

 He was re-called. Col. Charles Gookin was appointed^ 

 and arrived in March, 17.08 



Penn's pecuniary embarrassments were intricate and 

 perplexing, owing to various causes. The expenditure 

 of his government was great, and he was defrauded by, 

 his Stewart of his Irish estates, and confined within the 

 rules of the Fleet prison. ^' He was relieved from this 

 humiliating state, by mortgaging the province, and his 

 political rights therein, to Henry Gouldney, Joshua Gee, 

 Sylvanus Grove, John Woods and John Field, of Lon- 

 don, Thomas Callowhill, Thoma^s Oade and Jeffrey 

 Pennell, of Bristol, and Thomas Cuppage, of Ireland., 



The mortgagees did not assume the government, but 

 appointed Edward Shippen, Samuel Carpenter, Richard 

 Hill, and James Logan, commissioners to superintend 

 their hiterest in the province, who repaid the loan with, 

 funds obtained from the sale of lands, and from his, 

 quit-rents."* 



* Quit-rents.— It appears from the writings of Sparks, Belk- 

 nap and Franklin, that when Penn reserved quit-rents, they 

 were not agreed to without difficulty. The purchasers remon-- 

 gtrated against them as a burden, unprecedented in any other. 

 American Colony ; but it is said, Penn artfully distinguished 

 between the character of Proprietor and of Governor, and 

 insinuated strongly that government must be supported with 

 dignity, and that by complying with this expedient, they, 

 would b.e freed from other taxes. Such distinctions are very 



