342 CULTIVATED VEGETABLES. 



size without being tapering, the young shoots 

 of these trees have a weight affixed at their 

 extremities to bend them downwards, which 

 prevents the sap from returning to the body 

 of the tree, and causes them to swell equally 

 in all parts. The rind or bark is carefully 

 preserved to prevent the escape of the fume 

 through the pores of the wood. The wealthy 

 Turks pride themselves on the beauty and 

 number of their pipes ; and the principal ser- 

 vant in their establishment has no other 

 charge than that of attending to the pipes 

 and tobacco, which are presented to the mas- 

 ter or his guests by a servant of an inferior 

 rank. These pipes are so regularly and 

 effectually cleaned, as always to have the de- 

 licacy of a new tube, while the German pipe, 

 on the contrary, is enhanced in value by the 

 length of time it has been in use. We are 

 told by the same friend that he has seen 

 among the lower class of Armenians and 

 Jews in Turkey, some smokers who could 

 consume the whole tobacco of a bowl twice 

 the size of those used in England, and draw 

 the entire fumes into their bodies at one 

 breath, which they discharge from their ears 

 as well as the mouth and nostrils. 



Tobacco is one of those rank and poisonous 



