GEOLOGy. 31 



KELIQUIAE DILUVIANAE. 



The relicts of the Deluge, though common in all parts of this 

 state, yet, we will now confine ourselves, for the present, to 

 those belonging to the coal region of it. In the vicinity of the 

 Ohio river in the counties of Galiia,, Lawrence and Meigs, also 

 in the counties of Muskingum and Morgan, on the waters of 

 the Muskingum river, these relicts are numerous and very in- 

 teresting. Near Gallipolis, imbedded in sandstone, are not 

 a few trees of different kinds; such as the sugar maple, and 

 one such tree was found, that had been perforated, to all 

 appearance, by the the common red headed wood pecker. A 

 fragment of this tree, with the hole, for the bird's nest in it, 

 was, many years since, brought to Chillicothe, and presented 

 to Governor Edward Tiffin. Several trees, were discovered 

 in the sand rock, about three miles above Gallipolis, imbed- 

 ded in the rock which there stood, in a perpendicular mass. 

 Among these trees, we discovered a black walnut, with its 

 roots projecting beyond the rock in Avhich the trunk lay im- 

 bedded. A black oak, was near it, projecting in the same man- 

 ner. The mass of rock, appeared to be, eighty feet thick, where 

 it was bare, uninjured and entire. In this mass on looking up 

 at it, from its base, barks, leaves and branches of trees, ap- 

 peared at different altitudes, all lying in the rock, as they were 

 deposited with the sand, now become a hard sandstone. In a 

 ravine, where the sandstone had been washed away, by a riv- 

 ulet, a whole tree was found, by a man, with an axe, which he 

 attempted, by a blow, to fasten in the tree, on which he had 

 seated himself to rest awhile, after a fatiguing walk. The 

 axe, struck out sparks of fire, rebounded and appraised him, 

 that this tree, was no longer wood, but a hard sandstone. We 

 saw, among the trees of Gallia county thus petrified, white 

 birch, sycamore, walnut, oak, and others not recollected. 



Near Zanesville, indeed, in the very town, where a canal was 

 cut through the sand-rock, some twenty years since, there 

 was found among other things a considerable number of tropical 

 plants, such as the trunks, leaves, branches and roots of the 



