Habits and Instincts of the Pairing Season. 211 



diversity of origin is not recognizable without careful and 

 patient analysis. So, too, in those emotional states which 

 have a constant and uniform motor expression in action or 

 attitude, the visceral and motor sensations coalesce to give 

 rise to an apparently homogeneous state of consciousness. 

 And the contributions to consciousness due to " expression " 

 can only be dissociated from the emotion itself by the 

 application of psychological analysis. 



From the point of view of heredity, we may say that 

 in these cases there is such congenital organization of 

 structure in the central nervous system, that co-ordinated 

 outgoing or efferent impulses are distributed both to 

 viscera and to the organs concerned in expression. This 

 distribution of nervous impulses is part of the congenital 

 automatism. On the other hand, at the moment of 

 primary experience, opportunities are afforded for the 

 correlation of the afferent or incoming impulses from 

 the diverse viscera and organs which have thus been 

 called into activity. And this correlation is a matter 

 of individual acquisition. 



We must now proceed to notice that though the 

 emotion itself, as such, is, so to speak, a private and 

 individual matter, having an import that is wholly 

 subjective, its expression is not thus restricted. It is an 

 indication to others of the emotional state of the organism. 

 "When the cobra raises its head and expands its hood, 

 this is an advertisement of its deadly powers, and of its 

 emotional state being such that it is ready to call these 

 powers into play. That this kind of activity is congenital 

 and instinctive is shown by the fact that young snakes 

 (Vivora de la Cruz), taken before birth from their just- 

 killed mother, threatened to strike, and made the burring 

 noise with the tail characteristic of its kind.* 



* Mr. W. Larden ia Nature, vol. xlil p. 115. 



