ROE-DEER. 249 



" In parks which are heavily stocked, Deer have to work 

 harder for their food, and rest for shorter periods. When 

 rising from the ground, Deer get on their knees first, then 

 raise their hind-quarters before getting on their fore-feet. In 

 fact they get up as a Cow does, just reversing the actions of a 

 Horse." 



THE ROE-DEER. GENUS CAPREOLUS. 



Capreolus^ H. Smith, in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v. 

 p. 313 (1827). 



Antlers small, simple, and rounded, less than twice the 

 length of the head, usually with only three tines each, of which 

 the front one springs from the anterior surface of the upper 

 half of the antler, and has an upward direction ; tail very 

 short ; no upper canine teeth ; lateral metacarpal and meta- 

 tarsal bones of the feet indicated only by their lower ex- 

 tremities. 



Roe-Deer are comparatively small animals, represented by 

 two or three closely-allied species ; the range of the genus being 

 confined to Europe and Asia north of the Himalaya, one species 

 extending as far eastwards as Mantchuria. 



THE COMMON ROE-DEER. CAPREOLUS CAPREA. 



Cervus capreolus^ Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i. p. 94 



(1766}. 

 Capreolus caproea^ Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 176 



(1843). 

 Capreolus caprea, Bell, British Quadrupeds, 2nd ed. p. 363 



(1874). 



{.Plate XXXII.) 



Characters. — Size small; ears moderately hairy; general colour 

 reddish-brown in summer and yellowish-grey in winter, with a 

 relatively large white disc on the rump. Height of male at the 



