MINING. 323 



11. The richness of a vein at one point is no evidence of 

 its richness at another. 



12. Not one quartz miner in a thousand has made a mod- 

 erate fortune. 



13. Nearly all the owners of the rich quartz mines of Cal- 

 ifornia are capitalists, who made money in other business, and 

 then could afford to risk considerable sums in ventures which 

 they considered uncertain. 



14. Do not build your mill till you have opened your mine, 

 and got enough pay-rock in sight to pay for it. 



15. The following remarks of Wm. Ashburner, mining en- 

 gineer, are as worthy of attention as when they were written 

 ten years since : 



" In 1858, there were upwards of 280 quartz-mills in Cali- 

 fornia, each one of which was supplied with quartz from one 

 or more veins. The number of stamps in these mills was 

 2,610, and the total cost of the whole mill property of this 

 nature in the State exceeded $3,000,000. In the summer of 

 1861, while I was attached to the Geological Survey, I made 

 a careful and thorough examination of all the quartz-mills and 

 mines of the State, and could only find between forty and fifty 

 mills in successful operation, several of which were at that 

 time leading a very precarious existence." 



16. A good quartz mine, well managed, is the most profita- 

 ble and satisfactory kind of property to be found in California. 



246. Rich Mines. Among the quartz mines which have 

 produced the largest sums, are the following : The Princeton 

 mine, which has produced $4,000,000 ; the Pine Tree and 

 Josephine, which together produced $350,000 from the 1st 

 May, 1860, to the 1st May, 1863 ; and the Mariposa mine, 

 which produced $84,948 in 1864, are in the Mariposa grant, 

 and have all been idle most of the time since 1865. The New 

 Britain has yielded $52,000, the Sherman $200,000, and the 

 Kite's Cove now yields $15,000 net per month. 



In Tuolumne County, the Soulsby yielded for a time $100,- 



