398 CINCHONA VEL CHINCHONA. 



1875. of commemorating the services of the Countess is defeated by 

 the mutilation of her name ; that in much of the most im- 

 portant literature of the subject the word is spelt " Chinchona," 

 and lastly that "the correct spelling should be universally 

 adopted because it is right." He also quotes the following 

 botanical authorities, who have explored the native forests of 

 the genus, as spelling the word correctly: Pavon, Ruiz, Tafalla. 

 Mutis, Zea, Caldas, Seemann, and Spruce. Finally, with a 

 chivalric admiration of the "illustrious and beautiful lady, 

 Ana de Osorio," which is manifest throughout the book, Mr. 

 Markham pleads that the correct spelling may be retained 

 as the only way by which the "memory of her who made 

 known to the world the inestimable value of quina bark " may 

 be preserved. 



Counter opin- On the other hand, it has been contended that Linnaeus 

 purposely omitted the Ji for the sake of euphony, and that the 

 law of priority must obtain ; that botanical names are means, 

 not ends, and their use as means once established it is all but 

 impossible to alter them. Further that " Cinchona " has been 

 so universally adopted that great inconvenience and confusion 

 would result from any attempt to substitute " Chinchona " 

 for it. 



Mr. Hanbury's Apropos to this discussion, Mr. Hanbury has taken the oppor- 

 tunity of investigating the introduction by Linnasus of the 

 genus Cinchona, and has pointed out that the mis-spelling of 

 the name of the' Countess occurs in several authors much 

 earlier than Linna3us. He also proves that Mr. Markham is far 

 from correct in asserting that the Spanish botanists, one and all, 

 support the mode of spelling he (Mr. M.) advocates ; but that, 

 on the contrary, Mutis, as well as Ruiz and Pavon, follow the 

 orthography of Linnseus. Mr. Hanbury's strictures are contained 

 in the Athenaeum of Jan. 30th, 1875, and are as follows : 



" In connection with Mr. Markham's proposal in his Memoir of 

 Lady Ana de Osorio, reviewed in the Athenceum of the 23rd of 

 January, that botanists should abandon Linna3us's word Cinchona 

 (Sinkona) in favour of Chinchona (Tshin-tshona), and, as I 

 presume, that doctors, pharmacists, and chemists should do the 



