MEDLEVAL SPICES, GROCERIES AND WAX. 



485 



There is a similar enactment in which " Cytoal" is mentioned, 1875. 

 in a tariff of the merchandise sold in Paris at the close of the 

 thirteenth century. 1 In the list contained in the Liber Albus of 

 the city of London, before referred to, the spice in question 

 appears as Cetewale? under which name it is mentioned by the 

 poet Chaucer, and by many writers on drugs. 



26. Lichini, wicks for candles or lamps. 



28. Paris Candles. Professor Thorold Kogers remarks that Paris caudles. 

 candles, called either White Candles or Candles of Paris, not 

 unfrequently mentioned in mediaeval domestic accounts, were 

 imported into England. 3 



29. Vas pro Candelis Parisice, with appendages, would appear 

 to be some special kind of candlestick used for a Paris candle. 



27. "m/. Stateris, and No, 30 "j. Statera de Ferro." The 

 second of these entries seems to me to relate to steelyard. 



1 Revue Archeologique, ix. (1852), 213. 



3 [" There was ike wexing many a spice 

 As clowe, gilofre, and licorice, 

 Gingiber, and grein de Paris 



Canell at cetewale of pris, Cetewal 



And many a spice delitable 

 To eten whan men rise fro table." 



CHAUCER, p. 224, col. 2.] 



3 [The Chandeliers formed in Paris a separate guild from the Ciriers. The The Guild of 

 first made tallow candles, the second, only wax candles. In the Boke of the Chan- 

 Curtasye, date circa A.D. 1460, we read deliers. 



" In chambur no lyght ther shalle be brent 



Bot of wax, therto yf ye take tent ; 



In hall at soper schalle candels brenne 



Of Parys, therin that alle men kenne." 



From which it might be inferred that Paris candles were inferior to wax 

 candles. The following is quoted from the Wardrobe Accounts of Edward 

 IV., anno 1480, edited by Sir Harris Nicholas : " William Whyte, tallough 

 chaundeller, for iij dosen and ix. Ib. of p'is candell' for to light when the 

 king's highness and goode grace on a nyght come unto his said grete ward- 

 robe, and at other divers tymes." 



La Bible Guiot de Provins is a violent satire on the thirteenth century. 

 In it complaint is made of the excessive dearness of spices and electuaries. 



" S'ils reviennent de Montpellier 

 Lor lectuaries sont moult chier ; 

 Lors dient ils, ce m'est avis 

 Quit's ont gigimbraiz et pliris, 

 Et diadragum et rosat 



Et penidoin et violat."] 

 [Diadragant, penidium.] 



