1400 



. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



' Expressed in bushels for orchard fruits and pounds for grapes, nuts and tropical fruits. 

 ' Included with "unclassified." 



* Consists of products not separately named by the enumerator, but grouped under the designation "all other." 



* Includes pecans, black walnuts, filberts, pistachio and chestnuts. 



The following table shows the quanti- 

 ties of the more advanced products manu- 

 factured by farmers from orchard fruits 



and grapes. Values were not called for 

 on the schedule. 



New England 



THE APPLE INDUSTBY— HISTORY 



The development of the apple industry 

 is one of the most interesting pages in 

 the history of New England. Space will 

 not permit of more than a mere mention 

 of the salient points, or those having a 

 direct bearing upon the present condi- 

 tion of the industry. Commercial apple 

 growing is not a new industry, nor yet is 

 it an old one. During the first half of 

 thi last century many commercial or- 

 chards of modest size were in existence, 

 but they were composed mostly of seed- 

 ling trees or "native fruit,' the product 

 of which was used largely in the manu- 

 facture of cider. The planting of real 



commercial orchards, however, did not 

 occur till about 1850, when many named 

 varieties of apples were disseminated. 

 About this time many of the old seedling 

 trees were top-grafted and many young 

 orchards started. The methods of man- 

 agement adopted by the commercial or- 

 chardist of this time were similar to 

 those practiced in the old cider orchards, 

 but owing to favorable soil and climatic 

 conditions, rather than to superior meth- 

 ods, the trees thrived remarkably well. 



The first set-back to the industry 

 came with the large yields of fruit, for 

 which, owing largely to inadequate trans- 

 portation facilities, there was insuffi- 

 cient demand. Many manufacturing 

 towns at that time were still far from 



