1662 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



fMlows: For the reception of the bud 

 make two transverse cuts in the bark of 

 the seedling stock (Plate I, No. 5) a few 

 inches above the ground line, these two 

 cuts, about one incli apart, to be con- 

 nected by a longitudinal incision. The 

 bark at each side of the longitudinal cut 

 Is then raised far enough (Plate I, No. 

 6) to admit of the insertion of the sec- 

 tion of bark on which the bud is situated 

 (Plate I, No. 5, A). The rectangular sec- 

 tion of bark when prepared for inser- 

 tion must be of exactly the same length 

 as the cut in the stock. It is taken from 

 the stick of buds by making two trans- 

 verse cuts through the bark at equal dis- 

 tances from the bud. (For tliis purpose 

 a special double-bladed budding knife is 

 used. These blades are placed on a 

 handle parallel to each other about three- 

 quarters to an inch apart.) Two longi- 

 tudinal cuts are then made through the 

 bark, leaving the bud in the center of 

 the patcli, which should be a little over 

 one inch long and five-eighths of an inch 

 wide. The patch must be raised carefully 

 from the bud stick to guard against 

 breaking and with as little bending dur- 

 ing the operation as possible. When the 

 operator finds that he does not succeed 

 at the first trial, it will be advisable to 

 practice for a time on wood which is of 

 no value. The stick of buds should be 

 grasped firmly in the left hand, with the 

 knife held by the fingers of the right, the 

 thumb resting on the bud stick. Insert 

 the point of the knife at one end of one 

 of the longitudinal cuts, pressing the 

 blade toward the thumb; this pressure 

 will start the bark. Next insert the end 

 of the handle of the knife, gradually re- 

 moving the section. The patch is pre- 

 pared for insertion by first cutting the 

 two ends as straight as possible, using a 

 very sharp knife. The outer bark at the 

 sides (Plate I, No. 6, A) is then shaved 

 off, so that the edges will make a perfect 

 fit when under the bark of the stock 

 (Plate II, No. 8). When the bud is se- 

 curely in place, the two wings of bark 

 on the stock are bound firmly over the 

 bud section with raffia (Plate II, No. 9), 

 and, as a preventive against the admis- 



sion of water during the process of unit- 

 ing, a little soft grafting wax may be 

 smeared across the upper transverse cut 

 and the whole wrapped with a narrow 

 strip of waxed clotli (Plate II, No. 10). 

 The wrapping should be started at the 

 bottom, each wrap being lialf covered by 

 the succeeding one; this will effectually 

 keep out moisture during wet weather. 

 As a protection against the heat of the 

 sun, strips of paper eight inches long by 

 six inches wide should be tied around 

 the stem of the stock an inch or two 

 above the bud, but covering it (Plate II, 

 No. 11), allowing the bottom part to re- 

 main open. After the sixth day the 

 paper covering should be removed, and 

 after the tenth day the waxed cloth may 

 be taken off. By the fifteenth day the 

 buds will have united sufficiently to 

 allow of the removal of the raffia. This 

 method of budding will be found to give 

 an exceedingly satisfactory union. Ex- 

 perience has shown that with carefully 

 selected buds from one-year-old wood and 

 healthy, vigorous growing seedling 

 stocks, every section of bark will unite. 



Other Methods of Budding 



Sometimes, when the seedling stocks 

 are small and the size of the section of 

 bark necessary for the union will more 

 than cover half of the circumference of 

 the stem of the stock, a quick growth on 

 the part of the stock will produce a swell- 

 ing immediately above the upper trans- 

 verse cut in the bark. This can be 

 averted by the use of a triangular patch 

 bud (Plate II, No. 12), with one of the 

 angles pointing upward. In using this 

 method care must be taken that the 

 three sides of the bud section should 

 exactly fit the sides of the space pre- 

 pared for them. It will be found ad- 

 visable to smear a small quantity of soft 

 grafting wax over the cut parts after 

 the bud is in position and before tying 

 with raffia. This makes an exceedingly 

 neat union and is best used with small 

 buds. Large ones need a larger section 

 of bark attached. 



In patch budding (Plate I, No. 5) a 

 rectangular piece of bark, similar in size 



