1770 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



Philadelphia 

 A good early-season variety that can 

 be usod for homo use, but the fruit is too 

 small and soft to be of value for com- 

 mercial purposes. 



Rod Antwerp 



A well-known standard commercial 

 sort, producing large crops of dark red, 

 fine quality, good shipping berries. Valu- 

 able for Western Washington, but rather 

 tender for Eastern Washington. 



Turner 



A good early liome-use berry, but too 

 soft for commercial use. The plants are 

 strong, productive and free from insect 

 pests. 



It should be kept in mind that the con- 

 ditions on the east and west of the Cas- 

 cade range are very different. On the 

 west side there is rainfall enough to 

 grow fruits without irrigation and the 

 air is full of moisture. On the east side 

 the sun is hot and there is nothing grown 

 for commercial purposes without irriga- 

 tion, except in the wheat belt, where but 

 few fruits of any kind are grown. 



COST OF STARTING AN ACRE OF 

 RED RASPBERRIES 



Many people hesitate about setting out 

 red raspberries because of the un- 

 grounded supposition that no return may 

 be expected the first season. During the 

 past year I have kept a fairly accurate 

 account of the receipts and the expenses 

 of the first year of one acre of rasp- 

 berries. 



The acre on which the account was 

 kept was practically new land the pre- 

 ceding year; that is, it had not been 

 plowed for 75 years at least, and per- 

 haps never had been. This made the 

 expenses much greater than they ordi- 

 narily would have been, because of rough- 

 ness and stonincss of the land, and also 

 because it was thought advisable to sow 

 a crop of rye for humus. 



In the summer of 1912 the land was 

 plowed and fitted and sowed to rye at a 

 cost of $16. This last spring, 1913, the 

 rye was turned under, the ground was 

 fitted and set to red raspberries. The 



rows were six feet apart and the plants 

 three feet apart in the row. 



Instead of letting the land between 

 the plants lie idle on most of tlic acre I 

 set a cabbage plant between each two 

 berry plants and a full row of cabbage 

 between each two rows of berries. There 

 were about twenty-four hundred berry 

 plants an acre, and about seven thousand 

 spaces for cabbage plants set as fillers. 

 However, only about five thousand cab- 

 bages were set, the remainder of the acre 

 being used for turnips. Cultivation was 

 kept up during the summer, but the cab- 

 bages were hoed once and the turnips not 

 at all. The expense and receipts account 

 is given below: 



Cost of putting in rye for a humus crop.. $16.00 



Plowing under same ;100 



Harrowing 2 00 



Marking HO 



2.50 lbs. of a 2-6-8 fertilizer, broadcast. . 4.75 



Cost of Rowing fertilizer 25 



2.400 plants at $8 per M 19.20 



Cost of setting plants 2.00 



Cultivation five times, at 60 cents S.no 



Hoeing three times 3.00 



Spraying for tent caterpillar 50 



Total expense of berries alone $53.72 



Additional cost of filler crops: 



Cabbage and turnip seed $ 1.00 



Setting plants 7.00 



300 lbs. of 2-6-8 fertilizer In the row... 5.25 



Hoeing cabbage once 1.50 



Sowing fertilizer 30 



Paris gi-een-bran-raoiasses mash for cut- 

 worm 1.00 



Applying poison mash 1.00 



Harvesting turnips and cabbage 19.70 



Total additional expense $36.75 



Plus cost of berries alone 53.72 



Total expense of berries and filler. . $90.47 



Receipts were: 



1 40 bu. turnips at 25c $ 35.00 



10 tons of cabbage at $14 140.00 



800 lbs. of cabbage at 50c per 100 lbs.. . 4.00 



Total receipts $1 70.00 



r.,ess total expense 90.47 



Profit from one acre $ S8..53 



Thus it can be seen from an actual ac- 

 count that the first year of an acre of red 

 raspberries yielded an income almost 

 double the expense. I will say, however, 

 that the cabbage crop was much better 

 than the average, and the price was some- 

 what higher than usual, being about 

 $14 a ton at the field, or $20 delivered 

 New York or Boston. I think, however, 

 that, year in and year out, this system 



