WASHINGTON 



2017 



rocky, rising to an elevation of 8,000 I'eet. 

 is heavily timbered and, for the most |)art, 

 is as yet undeveloped and unimproved. 



The second includes the Cascade range 

 east ol: Puget sound and west of the arid 

 and semi-arid belt. This section is mostly 

 mountainous, including the foothills on 

 either side of the mountain range, and 

 rises to an elevation of 10,000 feet, includ- 

 ing a few peaks like Mt. Rainier, which 

 rises to an elevation of 14,400 feet, and 

 Mt. Adams, 12,500 feet. 



The third division includes the Colum- 

 bia River valley, an arid plain, except in 

 the extreme north, which is mostly cov- 

 ered with timber, where the rainfall is 

 sufficient for the growing of crops with- 

 out irrigation. 



The fourth section, the Blue Mountain 

 region, in the extreme eastern and south- 

 eastern part of the state, rises to an ele- 

 vation of about 5,000 feet, with the high- 

 est points 7,000 feet above the sea. 



In the western part of the state the 

 temperature is modified by ocean currents 

 and breezes, and the cold of winter and 

 the heat of summer are so modified that 

 there are not the extremes of either heat 

 or cold experienced in like altitudes fur- 

 ther inland. In the eastern portion, the 

 atmosphere is pure and invigorating, sel- 

 dom very cold in winter, and in the sum- 

 mer, during .luly and August, the days 

 are hot and the nights cool. 



In Washington large areas of land have 

 been brought under irrigation and plant- 

 ed to fruits, which, because of their supe- 

 rior quality, bring high prices in the mar- 

 kets of the world. What California is to 

 the citrus fruits, Oregon and Washington 

 will doubtless be, in their later develop- 

 ment, to the deciduous fruits. 



Cbelan 



The orchard sections around Lake Che- 

 lan are protected by mountains. The only 

 outlet for air and water drainage is east- 

 ward to the Columbia river. The soil is 

 a mixture of volcanic ash and disinte- 

 grated granite. This granite gives the 

 soil a grayish appearance and also makes 

 it porous and less liable to puddle from 

 irrigation than the soils composed mostly 

 of volcanic ash. The granite contains a 



mixture of lime, well adapted to the grow- 

 ing of apples. 



English walnuts have been grown suc- 

 cessfully at the lower end of this lake. 



Okanogan 



The soil of this valley is decomposed 

 granite mixed with the volcanic ash, mak- 

 ing it peculiarly adapted to the growing 

 of commercial apples. The climate is 

 colder than in the Chelan and Wenatchee 

 districts and the snows comparatively 

 deep. Yet the fruit trees are never killed 

 and the bloom seldom if ever Injured by 

 spring frosts. The quality of the fruit is 

 unsurpassed. Peaches, pears, plums, apri- 

 cots, cherries and other fruits are grown 

 in limited quantities. 



In 1912, 689,868 apple trees three years 

 old and under were planted. The Methow 

 valley claims equal distinction for the 

 quality of its fruits. There is in these 

 valleys a large undeveloped area where 

 the finest of winter apples and the hardier 

 fruits will be grown. 



Pnyallnp 



Puyallup valley is the most famous 

 berry-growing district in the state of 

 Washington and one of the most famous 

 in the United States. It lies on the west 

 side of the Cascade range, not far from 

 Puget sound. The soil is largely a wash 

 from the surrounding hills and mountains 

 and is mixed with vegetable matter. One 

 particular feature of the berry industry of 

 this section is the Berry Growers' Asso- 

 ciation, which operates a co-operative can- 

 nery and marketing organization which 

 has helped to make the industry very 

 profitable and has brought the value of 

 the farm land to from $500 to $1,000 per 

 acre. Strawberries, blackberries and 

 rasi)berries are the principal crops. 



Spokane 



The Spokane district is In the valley of 

 the Spokane river. In many parts of this 

 section fruits are grown without irriga- 

 tion. In these sections the Wagener apple 

 reaches its highest state of perfection. 

 The basic soil is volcanic ash, together 

 with a considerable mixture of humus. 

 In other places, especially in the Spokane 

 valley proper, the soil is a fine gravel. 



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