132 



THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 



Winter grape. 8. Planchon, De Candolle's Man. Phan., 5:323, 343- 1887. g. 'Slunson, U. S. D. A. 

 Pom. Bui., 3:14. 1890. 10. lb., (Jar. and For., 3:474, 475. i8qo. 11. Britton and Brown, 2:409. 

 1897. V. aestivalis, var. canescens ; V. aestivalis, var. cinerea; Downy grape. 12. Bailey Gray's 

 Syn. FL, 1:425. 1897. Sweet Winter grape. 13. Beach, .V. V . Sta. An. Rpt., 17:536, 557. 1898. 

 14. Munson Tex. Sta. Bui., 56:218, 231, 240. 1900. Sweet Winter grape; Ashy grape. 15. Viala 

 and Ravaz, Am. Vines, 1903:42, 80. 



Vine vigorous, climbing; shoots more or less angled, covered with grayish pubes- 

 cence which persists into winter; diaphragms thick to very thick; intemodes medium 

 to long; tendrils intermittent, long and strong, bifid. Leaves large, cordate, seldom 

 lobed but frequently notched; frequently resembling a linden leaf; petiolar sinus 

 medium in depth and width, rounded; margin shallowly but sharply toothed; upper 

 surface cobwebby when young, becoming glabrous and dull when mature ; lower surface 

 and petiole covered with grayish cobwebby pubescence. Cluster large, rather loose; 

 peduncle long; pedicel slender. Berries small, black, with little if any bloom. Seeds 

 small, plump, short beak; chalaza round or oval, distinct; raphe ridge-like, distinct to 

 slightly distinct. Ripening very late, becoming sweet after frost. 



Cinerea is very closely allied to Aestivalis and was for a long time con- 

 sidered a part of that species. In 1867 Engelmann described it under the 

 name Vitis aestivalis, var. cinerea, but in 1883 he made it a species and it has 

 been generally regarded by botanists that the points of difference between 

 the two forms are such that the Cinerea deserves specific recognition. 



Its habitat is New York, west to Nebraska and Kansas with about 

 40 degrees as a northern limit, southward to the Gulf. Cinerea grows along 

 streams mostly in limy soils, and is seldom found in very dry land. It 

 covers about the same range as Cordifolia excepting that it grows nearer 

 the Gulf and extends across the Rio Grande into Mexico. 



The species is very late in blooming, later even than Cordifolia. It 

 can be propagated from cuttings only with difficulty. It is probably of 

 no importance horticulturally unless it be for wet lands. 



the forests of the Mississippi Valley studying the plants of the region, having become deeply absorbed 

 in botany. He soon after began the practice of medicine in St. Louis where he spent the remainder 

 of his life, dying in 1884. Engelmann was one of the most patient and devoted students of natural 

 history of his time. He mastered several difficult genera of plants, doing his work so well that his 

 monographs will long remain, not only authorities on the plants described, but models for the syste- 

 matic botanist. Among the genera to which he devoted his time was Vitis. upon which he pub- 

 lished se\eral monographs. These appeared in various publications, particularly the Proceedings 

 of the Academy of Science of St. Louis in i860, the American Xaturalist for iSbS, Riley's reports as 

 entomologist of Missouri for 187a and 1874, and the third and all later editions of the BusU)erg 

 Catalogue. 



