THE GRAPES OF XEW YORK. 1 43 



valis. 10. Ilusmann, 1895:6, 8. V. Bourquiniana. ii. Munson, Tex. Farm and Raitcit, Feb. 8, 

 1896:10. V. BovRQVixiASA. SoutluTn Aestivalis. 12. BaWey, Gray's Syn. Fl., 1:428. 1897. 13. 

 lb., Ei: Mat. Fr., 1898:81, 83, 114. 14. Munson, Am. Card., 20:088. 1899. V. Boorquiniana. 

 15. lb., Tex. Sta. Bui., 56:231, 240, 261. igoo. V. Bourquin'IA>ja; Soutlu-rn Aestivalis. 16. Vialri 

 and Ravaz, .4m. Vines, 1903:178. V. Bourquiniana. 



Bourquiniana greatly resembles Aestivalis and differs chiefly from this 

 species in having thinner leaves and in that the shoots and under side of 

 the leaves are only slightl\' reddish-brown in color and the pubescence 

 usuallv disappears at maturity; this pul)esccncc is mostly of an ashy or dun 

 color. The leaves on some of the vines are more deeply lobed than is at 

 all common in Aestivalis. The fruit is considerably larger than that of 

 Aestivalis, sweeter and more juicy. 



The botanical variety, Bourquiniana, is known only in cultivation. 

 It is mentioned by Garber in 1859 and by Engelmann in 1883. Speaking of 

 Aestivalis the latter says: "Unfortunately the typical forms cannot be 

 propagated by cuttings and there are a number of varieties which, originat- 

 ing from a southern home, are not quite hardy here but on the other hand 

 have the advantage of being readily propagated by slips in some favorable 

 localities. * * * Unfortunately no wild plant from which these varieties 

 might have sprung is vet known but must be looked for in the mountains 

 and hills of the Carolinas and Georgia and only when found in a wild state 

 can we correctly judge of their botanical stattis." 



The name Bourquiniana was given by Munson, who ranks the group 

 as a species. He includes therein many southern varieties the most 

 important of which are: Herbemont, Bertrand, Cunningham, and Lenoir, 

 these he groups in the Herbemont section; and Devereaux, Louisiana and 

 Warren, he puts in the Devereaux section. Munson has traced the history 

 of this interesting group and states that it was brought from southern France 

 to America over 150 years ago by the Bourquin family of Savannah, Georgia. 

 Many botanists have been of the opinion that Bourquiniana is a hybrid. 

 Engelmann says: " I will only state here that a slight suspicion exists of 

 their being hybrids between V. aestivalis and some form of vinifcra 

 thougli the seeds are entirely those of the former and also the resistance to 

 phylloxera." Millardet considers Bourquiniana to be a mixed hybrid of 

 Aestivalis, Cinerea and Vinifera. The hyl^rid supposition is certainly cor- 

 roliorated to a degree at least by the characters being more or less inter- 



