148 THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 



berries, which are large for wild vines, have thin skins under which there is a 

 pigment which gives them, when first ripe, a fiery, pungent taste but which 

 partly disappears with maturity. The berries are very persistent, clinging 

 to the pedicel long after ripe. Candicans is difficult to propagate from 

 cuttings. Its roots resist phylloxera fairly well. It makes a good stock 

 for Vinifera vines in its native country but owing to the difficulty of propa- 

 gation is seldom used for that purpose. In the early days of Texas it was 

 much used for the making of wine but as it is deficient in sugar, and as the 

 must retains the acrid, pungent flavor, it does not seem to be well adapted 

 for this purpose. It is not regarded as having great promise for southern 

 horticulture and certainly has none for the North. 



VITIS CANDICANS CORIACEA Bailey. 



I. Shuttleworth Mss., Herb. Boiss. 2. Chapman, Fl. Son. States, — :7i (cited by Watson, 

 Planchon and Bailey). V. caribea, var. coriacea. 3. Engelmann, Bush. Cat., 1883:15. V. 

 CANDICANS, Florida form. 4. Munson, Am. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1885:136. V. Caribea; Caloosa. 

 5. Planchon, De Candolle's Mon. Phan., 5:323, 345. 1887. V. coriacea. 6. Munson, Soc. Prom. 

 Ag. Set. Rpt., 1887:59. V. coriacea; Leather-Leaf grape. 7. lb.. Gar. and For., 3:474. 1890. 

 V. coriacea. 8. lb., U. S. D. A. Pont. Bui., 3:10, 11. 1890. V. coriacea. 9. lb., Am. Card., 

 12:661. i8gi. V. coriacea; Leatlier-leaf grape. 10. Bailey, Gray's Syn. Fl., 1:429. 1897. Leallwr- 

 leaf grape; Calloosa grape. 11. Munson, Tex. Sta. Bid., 56:232, 240. 1900. V. coriacea; Leather- 

 Leaf grape. 12. Viala and Ravaz, Am. Vines, 1903:42, 52. V. coriacea. 



Coriacea is a Florida variety of Candicans, differing from the Texas 

 form in having a sliorter, somewhat smaller and comparatively thicker 

 seed; small stipules; quite variable leaves, intermediate in shape between 

 Labrusca and Candicans; and an absence of the fiery flavor. The blos- 

 soming period is two or three weeks later than the Texas form. 



This form of Candicans was named and described b\' Shuttleworth in a 

 manuscript now in the Herbarium Boissier at Geneva, Switzerland. Botan- 

 ists seem divided as whether to regard it as a separate species or as a botanical 

 variety. Its habitat is central and southern Florida. 



Coriacea is more tender than the regular forms of Vitis catidicans 

 and this alone would make it worthless to the northern cultivator even 

 were it otherwise valuable. 



22. VITIS SIMPSONI Munson. 



I. Munson, Soc. Prom. Ag. Sci. Rpt., 1887:50. Simpson's grape. 2. lb.. Gar. and For., 3:474, 

 475. 1890. 3. lb., U. S. D. A. Pom. Bui., 3:12. 1890. 4. lb., Am. Gard., 12:586, 66t. 1891. 



