THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 33 1 



mahogany-red. Leaves medium to large, thickish ; upper surface light green, dull, 

 slightly rugose; lower surface grayish-white, pubescent; obscurely three-lobed with 

 terminus acute; petiolar sinus deep, narrow, often closed and overlapping; teeth shal- 

 low, intermediate in width. Flowers sterile, open in mid-season; stamens reflexed. 



Fruit ripens in mid-season, keeps and ships well. Clusters medium in size, long, 

 Kiclined to broad, tapering to nearly cyHndrical, frequently single-shouldered, the 

 shoulder being connected to the bunch by a rather long stem, somewhat loose ; peduncle 

 medium to long, thick; pedicel short to medium, slender, nearly smooth, strongly 

 enlarged at point of attachment to fruit ; brush short, stubby, pale green. Berries large 

 to medium, roundish to slightly oval, dark brick-red, covered with lilac or faint blue 

 bloom, do not usually drop from the pedicel, of average firmness. Skin variable in thick- 

 ness, tough, adheres considerably to the pulp, contains no pigment, strongly astringent. 

 Flesh ven.' pale green, translucent, juicy, fine-grained, nearly tender, vinous, sweet at skin 

 to tart at center, good to best in quality. Seeds do not separate easily from the pulp 

 unless fully ripe, two to five, average three, intermediate in size and length, distinctly 

 notched, brownish; raphe buried in a deep, broad groove; chalaza small, nearly central, 

 oval to pear-shaped. Must 80°. 



LOUISIANA. 



(Bourquiniana.) 



I. Husmann, 1866:110. 2. Am. Jour. Hort.. 3:301. 1868. 3. Grape Cult., 1:22, 42, 100, 

 244. 326. 1869. 4. Bush. Cat., 1883:118. 5. Husmann. 1895:183. 6. Texas Farm and Ranch, 

 Feb. 8, 1896:10. !i. 7- Ga. Sta. Bid.. 53:46. 1901. 



Amorcaux (6). Burgunder (i). Clevener? (6). Red Elbcn (6). Rulander (6). St. Getievieve 

 (6). (N. B. Reference number 6 is to a red grape. Louisiana is black.) 



The grape here discussed is of cultural value in the South and is of 

 interest from the standpoint of grape-breeding and, historically, to northern 

 grape-growers. Louisiana first came to notice in Missouri. It was received 

 about i860 or before by Frederick Muench of Marthasville, Warren County, 

 Missouri, from a Mr. Theard of New Orleans, Louisiana, under the name 

 White and Red Burgund}-. Both supposed varieties proved to l>e alike. 

 Theard informed Muench that the varieties had been imported from France 

 about the first of the century by his (Theard's) father. There has been 

 much difference of opinion as to whether this imputed origin is correct 

 or not. Munson classes it with the Devereaux section of the Bourquiniana. 

 It is undoubtedly closely related to Herbemont, Lenoir, and others of that 

 class. 



The variety has been much confused with Rulander and some are of 



