364 THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 



lucent, juicy, tough, fine-grained, vinous, tart at skin to acid at center, sprightly, good 

 in quality. Seeds separate with difficulty from the pulp, one to four, average two or 

 three, intermediate in size and breadth, rather dark brown; raphe buried in a shallow 

 groove; chalaza of average size, slightly above center, oval, obscure. Must 100°. 



NORFOLK. 



(Labrusca, Vinifera. 



I. Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1872:95. 2. lb., Pt. 2:120. 1875. 3. Kan. Sta. Bid.. 28:164. 

 1891. 4. III. Sta. Bid., 28:261. 1893. 5. Bush. Cat., 1894:163, 186. 6. Del. Sta. An. Rpt., 

 7:13s, 139. 189s- 7- -V- ^'- Sta. An. Rpt., 17:533, 548. 1898. 8. Va. Sta. Bui., 94:138. 1898. 

 9. Mo. Sta. Bui., 46: 40, 42, 44, 46, 51. 1899. 



Norfolk Muscat (i, 2). 



Norfolk was disseminated as an early Catawba and it resembles that 

 variety very much in appearance and somewhat in flavor, but ripens much 

 earlier. Unlike the Catawba too, the fruit does not keep well, nor is the 

 flavor quite up to the high quality of the older variety, more nearly 

 resembling, as it grows here, that of Agawam. It is not, however, the 

 fruit characters so much as those of the vine that have kept Norfolk from 

 becoming popular. It falls short in several vine characters, chiefly in pro- 

 ductiveness, and after having been known for many years is now scarcely 

 cultivated . 



N. B. White' of Norwood, Massachusetts, originated this variety some 

 time in the sixties from seed of a native Labrusca fertilized with Black 

 Hamburg. 



Vine medium to vigorous, usually hardy, variable in productiveness. Canes long, 

 numerous, thick; tendrils usually intermittent, bifid to trifid. Leaves large to medium, 

 moderately light green, thick; lower surface grayish-white with tinge of bronze, pubes- 

 cent. Flowers nearly fertile, open early; stamens upright. Fruit ripens earlier than 

 Concord, does not keep very well. Clusters medium to small, often broad, tapering, 

 usually with a long single shoulder, loose. Berries large to medium, oval to roundish. 



' Nelson Bonney White was born in the town of Putney, Windham County. Vermont, in 1S24. 

 During his younger years he lived for a time in Ohio and in New York but finally settled in Xonvood, 

 Massachusetts. White was a cabinet maker by trade, but coming under the influence of E. S. Rogers 

 at the time when Rogers' hybrids were causing a stir in New England, he took up grape-breeding as 

 a pastime. He is probably the oldest grape-breeder of note now alive, as he has been engaged in 

 this occupation over fifty years. His best known productions are August Giant, Amber Queen, and 

 Norfolk. Two other of his varieties. International and King Philip, are very highly spoken of but 

 have not yet been distributed. 



