374 THE GRAPES OF NEW YORK. 



This variety was produced by N. B. White of Norwood, Massachusetts, 

 from seed of a wild Labrusca fertihzed with Black Hamburg pollen. 



Vine vigorous, not always hardy, averages with Concord in productiveness. Canes 

 unusually long, above medium in number and thickness, surface slightly roughened; 

 tendrils continuous, sometimes intermittent, bifid to trifid Leaves large, green; lower 

 surface grayish-green, pubescent. Fruit ripens about ten days before Concord, keeps 

 well. Clusters intennediate in size and length, broad, vary from single-shouldered to 

 double-shouldered, loose. Berries large to medium, oval to roundish, dull dark red, 

 covered with lilac bloom, inclined to drop somewhat from pedicel, soft. Skin thick, 

 tough, with but little astringency. Flesh somewhat tough, stringy, coarse, vinous, 

 sweet from skin to center, good in quality. Seeds adherent to the pulp, often numerous, 

 large, long, medium to broad, blunt ; chalaza central to distinctly above center, f requentlv 

 with shallow radiating furrows 



OTHELLO. 



(Vinifera, Riparia, Labrusca.) 



I. Gar. Mon., 9:22, 23. 1867. fig. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1867:173. 3. Downing, 1869: 

 552. 4. Grape Cult., 2:24, 25. 1870. fig. 5. Bush. Cat., 1894:167. 6. Tenn. Sta. Bui., Vol. 9: 

 185. 1896. 7. Tex. Sta. Bui. 48:1151, 1161. 1898. 8. Mo. Sta. But.. 46:40, 43. 44, 45, 76. 

 i8gy. 9. Ga. Sta. Bui., 53:47. 1901. lo. Kan. Sta. Bill.. 110:246. 1902. II. Traite gen. dc 

 vit.. 5:160. 1903. 



Arnold's Hybrid No. 1 (4). Arnold's No. i (i). Arnold's Xo. 1 (3, 5. 6, 11). Arnold's 

 Hybrid (2). Arnold's Hybrid (11). Canadian Hamburg (3, 11). Canadian Hybrid (3, 11). 

 Challenge? (11). 



Othello is interesting as being so far the most valuable hybrid between 

 Vinifera and Riparia, having attracted much attention in Europe as well as 

 in America. The significance of the name is not apparent unless, because 

 of its dark color, it was christened after Shakespeare's dusky Moor. In 

 France, Othello does remarkably well as a direct producer and is used 

 somewhat for a resistant stock. While most of its characters are spoken 

 of in the superlative by the French, in America it is not so highly thought 

 of chiefly because of its susceptibility to fungi, though it shows other weak- 

 nesses which seem inherent to hybrids of Vinifera and native species when 

 grown in this country. The fruit of Othello matures so late that it could 

 never become a valuable variety for any considerable portion of New York. 

 It is in no sense a table grape nor does it make, according to the French.' a 

 high grade of wine, but rather a well-colored, pleasant, ordinary wine of 

 considerable alcoliolic strength. 



" Traite gen. de vit., 6:166. 1903. 



