1312 



GALIUM 



GARCINIA 



high, erect, strict: Ivs. %-\l4 in. long; apex not bristle- 

 tipped: panicle ample: fr. usually minutely bristly. 

 Rocky soil. Que. to Alaska and south to Pa. and Colo. — 

 Useful in rockeries and flower-beds. 



BB. Lvs. in 8's or 6's, oblaiweolate to linear. 

 MoU&go, Linn. Wild Madder. White or Great 

 Hedge Bedstraw. Perennial, smooth: sts. erect or 

 diffuse, 1-3 ft. high, mostly in clumps: lvs. 3-2-1 in- 

 long, bristle-tipped, 1-nerved: panicle ample: fr. smooth. 

 Eu., but a weed in fields in the eastern states. — This 

 plant is known in some places as "baby's breath," but 

 this name is properly given to gypsophila. 



K. M. WlEQAND. 



GALPHIMIA (anagram of Malpighia). Malpighia- 

 cese. Woody jjlants, sparingly introduced in Florida 

 and southern Cahfornia. 



Shrubs or subshrubs: lvs. opposite, small, slightly 

 glaucous on both sides or beneath, entire or obscurely 

 toothed, glandular at the margin or base of blade or at 

 the tip of the If .-stalk: clusters terminal; fls. yellow or 

 reddish; calyx without glands; petals toothed, clawed, 

 spreading: fr. a 3-parted caps., not winged. — Species 

 15 or more, from S. Texas to Brazil, largely Mexican. 

 Little known as cult, plants, although a few species 

 have been mentioned in hort. literature abroad, and 

 the two following are hsted in Calif. G. brasiliensis, 

 A. Juss. Shrub: lvs. ovate or lanceolate, about 1 in. 

 long, reddish, glabrous, glaucous beneath: fls. small, 

 yellow, in short lax panicles, said to be bright in winter 

 in Calif.; pedicels jointed at base; petals ovate-lanceo- 

 late, obtuse, scarcely twice longer than calyx. Brazil. 

 G. hirsiita, Cav. Shrub: lvs. bright green, ovate, 

 acute, twice larger than in preceding, hairy both sides: 

 fls. larger, in longer panicles, yellow. Mex., 

 where it is known as "ramo de oro." G. nitida, 

 cult, in Fla., is apparently G. gla&ca, Cav. 

 (Thrydllis glaiica, Kuntze), native from Mex. to 

 Panama and naturalized in the W. Indies. See 

 Thryallis, with which Galphimia is combined by 

 recent students. L H. B. 



GALTONIA (after Sir Francis Galton, the dis- 

 tinguished author and anthropologist, 1822-191 1). 

 Liliacese. Giant Summer Hyacinth. Large and 

 handsome Cape bulbs, of three species, one of them 

 being cultivated in the open for summer bloom. 



Scape or peduncle, 2--1 ft. high, from a tuni- 

 cated bulb: lvs. long and large, more or less 

 fleshy, all from the crown: fls. white or tinged 

 green, large, in an open raceme; perianth-tube 

 short, oblong or club-shaped; stamens 6, with 

 linear-oblong versatile anthers: fr. an oblong 3- 

 valved caps., containing many angled black 

 seeds. — The genus diff'ers from Hyacinthus mainly 

 by its more numerous and 

 flattened crowded seeds. 

 The other 2 species are 

 inferior to the following, 

 which was intro. by Leicht^ 

 hn in the early seventies 

 of last century, and now 

 holds a permanent place in 

 horticulture. The plants 

 prefer a rich, open, moist 

 soil. 



candicans, Decne. 

 (Hyacinthus candicans, 

 Baker). Fig. 1619. Bulb 

 large, round, coated: lvs. 

 4—6, lorate-lanceolate, 2^4 

 ft. long: scape often 4 ft. 

 high; racemes 20-30-fld.; 

 fls. fragrant, pure white, 

 \-\y2 in. long, the tube 

 oblong; stamens about 



i-^in. long, inserted high in the tube. F.S. 21:2173. 

 G.C. 1871 : 380, desc; 1872: 1099; II. 15:273. G. 28:687. 

 Gn. 62, p. 361; 64, p. 1.58; 69, p. 163. J.H. III. 45:262; 

 47:583. R.H. 1882, p. 32. P.G. 3:101. A.G. 17:281. 

 — The plants should be heavily mulched if left out- 

 doors where winters are severe. In favored iocahties 

 the bulbs may be left for several years with increas- 

 ingly better results. Large clumps are desirable. 



G. clavata. Baker. Bulb ovoid, 3— i in. diam. : lvs. 6-8, soft, 

 2-2^2 ft. long, with whitish margin: scape 2 ft., bearing a lax 

 raceme; fis. with a clavate tube which is 1 in. long and which is 

 twice as long as the segms. B.M. 6885. — G. princeps, Decne. 

 Much like G. candicans, but fls. fewer and raceme shorter: 



stamens inserted below middle of tube. 



L. H. B.t 



GAMOGYNE (name refers to the united ovaries). 

 Ardcese. Two erect small herbs from the Malaysian 

 region, bearing attractive colored inclined spathes: lvs. 

 narrow, thickish, tapering into petiole: spadix included 

 in the spathe: fls. apetalous; anthers truncate; ovaries 

 united. G. pulchra, N. E. Br. Peduncles erect, terete, 

 reddish brown, about 6 in. long: spathe bright crimson, 

 about l^i in. long, spreading or almost nodding, closed 

 e.xcept at top: stigmas red: spadix with neuter organs 

 at base. B.M. 83.30. G. Biirbidgei, N. E. Br. Spathe 

 less brightly colored: stigmas greenish yellow: spadix 

 with neuter organs between the male and female parts. 



GAMOLEPIS (Greek for united scales; referring to 

 the involucre). Compdsitse. Flower-garden plants. 



Leaves alternate and mostly pinnatisect: peduncles 

 1-headed, the heads bearing 1 series of yellow, pistillate 

 rays, the disk-fls. perfect: achenes without pappus, 

 wingless and glabrous. — About a dozen S. African 

 herbs or small shrubs, somewhat allied botanically to 

 Chrysanthemum . 



Tagetes, DC. (G. annua. Less.). Fig. 1620. An- 

 nual, of wiry growth, a foot or less high, much 

 branched and very floriferous: Ivs. pinnate or pin- 

 nately parted, 5-7 lobes or Ifts. on either side of the 

 rachis and Ifts. entire or lobed : involucre nearly or 

 quite urn-shaped, the scales joined more than half 

 their length; fls.-heads bright yellow or orange, 

 J^in. across. R.H. 1896, p. 412. Gn. 25, p. 407 (both 

 as G. Tagetes). — Hardy or half-hardy. Of easiest 

 cult, from seeds in sunny places, and most excellent 

 for ribbon borders and for low mass effects. Con- 

 tinuous bloomer. l. jj. b. 



GARCINIA (Laurence Garcin, who lived and col- 

 lected in India, and wrote in the eighteenth cen- 

 tury). Guttiferse. This genus includes the mango- 

 steen, which is declared by some connoisseurs to 

 be one of the most luscious of all tropical fruits; 

 also the gamboge tree, whose resinous juice yields 

 a well-known pigment and purgative. 



Garcinia is a polymorphous genus of upward 

 of 150 species in the tropics of Asia, Africa and 

 Polynesia. The species are glabrous trees, usually 

 with a yellow juice: lvs. evergreen, opposite or ter- 

 nate, simple, often thick: 

 fls. soUtary or fascicled, 

 polygamous or dioecious; 

 sepals and petals 4; sta- 

 mens in male fl. many, 

 2- or 3-delphous; female 

 fls. with staminodia; ovary 

 2- to many-celled, with 

 sessile stigma and soUtary 

 ovule in each cell. — The 

 mangosteen is cultivated 

 in the West Indies; the 

 gamboge tree is also cult, 

 in S. Fla.; it is a broad- 

 leaved tree of slow growth. 

 The mangosteen is about 

 the size and shape of an 



