1316 



GARDENIA 



GARUGA 



pure white; corolla-lobes 8, overlapping. S. Afr. B.M. 

 1004. — Dwarf-growing, and perhaps not now in cult, in 

 this country. 



AA. Corolla-tube short ayvi wide-throated. 

 B. Fls. 3 in. long and broad. 

 Rothmannia, Linn. f. Very distinct in foliage and 

 fl.: Ivs. with pairs of hairy glands along the midrib: 

 calyx ribbed, with .5 long t^eth, equaUng the short, 

 cylindrical portion of the corolla-tube; corolla-tube 

 rather suddenly swelled, ribbed; lobes 5, long-acumi- 

 nate, whitish, spotted purple in the mouth. S. Afr. 

 B.M. 690. L.B.C. 11:105.3.— Fls. pale yellow, but it 

 does not bloom in Calif, according to Franceschi. 



BB. Fls. 1 3^ in. long and broad. 

 globosa, Hochst. Lvs. oblong, short-acuminate; If.- 

 stalk nearly .3-5 lines long: fls. white, inside hairy and 

 lined pale yellow; calyx small, with 5 very short teeth; 

 corolla-tube wifle at the base and gradually swelled; 

 lobes 5, short-acuminate. S. Afr. B.M. 4791. F.S. 

 9:951. 



G. citrioddra, Hook.^Mitriostigma axillare. — G. interrnktia. 

 Hort., is a name unknown in botanical literature and the plant'.s 

 affinities are unknown. — G. Stanleydtia. Hook.^Randia maculata. 



WiLHELM MiLLEB. 



N. TAyLOB.t 

 GARDEN LEMON: Cucumis Melo. 



GARDOQUIA BETONICOiDES: Cedrcmella meiicarm. 



GARGET; Phytolacca decandra. 



GARLAND FLOWER in the 



South 9ometime.s means Hedy- 

 chium coronarium. Often means 

 Daphne Ciieorum. 



GARLIC (Allium sati- 

 vum, Linn.). Hardy per- 

 ennial bulbous plant, 

 closely alUed to the onion. 

 It is native of southern 

 Europe. It has flat leaves, 

 and the bulb is composed 

 of several separable parts 

 or bulbels, called cloves. 

 These cloves are planted, 

 as are onion sets, in spring 

 or in fall in the South. 

 They mature in summer 

 and early autumn, being 

 ready to gather when the 

 leaves die away. If the 

 soil is rich, it may be 

 necessary to break over 

 the tops to prevent too 

 much top growth and to 

 make the bulbs better, as 

 is sometimes done with 

 onions. This is done when 

 the top growth has reached 

 normal full size. The 

 cloves are usually set 4 to 6 

 inches apart in drills or 

 rows, in ordinary garden 

 soil. The bulbs are used 

 in cookery, but mostly 

 amongst the foreign popu- 

 lation. Strings of bulbs 

 braided together by their 

 tops are common in metro- 

 politan markets (Fig. 

 1622). The bulbs are 

 white - skinned or some- 

 times rose-tinged. 



L. H. B. 



GARLIC PEAR: Cratxva. 



1622. Garlic, as 

 market. 



strung 1 



GARRYA (after Nicholas' Garry, secretary of the 

 Hudson Bay Company). Including Fadyenia. Garry- 

 aces;, formerly included under Cornacese. Ornamental 

 shrubs chiefly grown for foliage and showy catkins. 



Evergreen: lvs. opposite, short-petioled, entire or 

 denticulate, without stipules: fls. dioecious, apetalous, 

 1-3 in the axils of opposite bracts on elongated, often 

 drooping, axillary spikes; staminate fls. with 4 sepals 

 and 4 stamens; pistillate with 2 sepals and 2 styles and 

 a 1-celled ovary: berry 1-2-seeded, rather dry. — About 

 10 species in W. N. Ajiner. from S. Ore. to S. Mex., east 

 to W. Texas. 



The garryas generally have eUiptic to oblong leaves, 

 and small greenish white or yeOowish flowers in catkin- 

 like, often pendulous spikes, and dark purple or dark 

 blue berries. None of the species is hardy North but 

 G. flavescens, G. Wrightii, and also G. Fremontii, which 

 are the hardiest, can probably be grown north to New 

 York in sheltered positions, while the others are hardy 

 in warmer regions only. They are well adapted for ever- 

 green shrubberies, and the staminate plants are espec- 

 ially decorative in early spring %vith the showy, pen- 

 dulous catkins, which in G. elliplica attain to 1 foot in 

 length and often bloom in midwinter. The garryaa 

 thrive well in a well-drained soil and in sunny, shel- 

 tered position; in England they are often growTi on 

 walls. Propagation is by seeds or by cuttings of half- 

 ripened wood under glass; also by layers. 



elliptica, Douglas. Shrub, to 8 ft.: lvs. elliptic to 

 oval-oblong, obtuse or acute, usually undulate, gla- 

 brous above, densely tomentose beneath, 13^-3 in. 

 long: 3 fls. in the axils of short and broad, pointed 

 bracts; spikes rather dense, staminate 2-12 in. long, 

 often branched, pistillate 1-3 in. long: fr. globose, 

 silky tomentose. CaUf. to New Mex. B.R. 1686. 

 Gn. 33, p. 562; 37, p. 501; 39, p. 261; 51. p. 257; 53, 

 p. 449; 55, p. 258; 57, p. 122; 63, p. 181; 67, p. 149; 

 76, p. 639. G.C. II. 22:425; IIL 35:42, 43. Gn. W. 

 22:115. G. 20:30; 35:21. H.U. 2, p. 35. H.F. 1865: 

 198. G.L. 24:190. — This is the handsomest species, 

 and stands about 10° of frost (sometimes more) in a 

 sheltered position. 



G. Fadyenii, Hook. (Fadyenia Hobkeri, Griseb.). Shrub, to 

 15 ft.: lvs. elliptic to oblong, acute or mucronulate, glossy above, 

 tomentose beneath or almost glabrous at length, 2-^ in. long: 

 bracts oblong-lanceolate, remote: fr. tomentose. Jamaica, Cuba. — 

 G. Jiavescens, Wats. (G. Veatchii var. flavescens, Coult. & Evans). 

 Shrub, to 8 ft.: lvs. elhptic, silky pubescent below, 1-2 in. long: 

 spikes dense, about 1 in. long. Ariz., Utah. N. Mex. — G. Fremdnlii, 

 Torr. Shrub, to 10 ft.: lvs. ovate to oblong, acute, glabrous on 

 both sides, yellowish green, 1-3 in. long: spikes dense, 2-5 in. long: 

 with short bracts: fr. pedicelled, glabrous. Ore. to Calif. G.C. II. 

 15:431; III. 35:44. — G. macrophylla, Benth. Shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. 

 ovate to oblong-ovate, glabrous above, vitlous-pubescent beneath, 

 2-5 in. long: spikes dense and short: fr. sessile. Mex. — G. Thuretii, 

 Carr. (G. ellipticaxG. Fadyenii). Shrub, to 15 ft.: Ivs. elliptic to 

 elliptic-oblong, whitish tomentose beneath, 2-5 in. long: bracts 

 remote, with usually 1 fl. in each axil; spikes shorter than those of 

 G. elliptica. Originated in France. R.H. 1.S69, p. 17; 1879, pp. 

 1.'34. 155. — G. Vtatchii, Kellogg. Spreading shrub, to 8 ft.: lvs. 

 elliptic-ovate to ovate-oblong, acute, yellowish green, tomentose 

 beneath, l?2-2Hin. long: spikes dense, 1-2 in. long: fr. sessile, 

 usually silky tomentose. Nev. to Calif, and N. Mex. Named for 

 .1. A. Veatch, botanical explorer of Cedros Isl., Lower CaUf. — G. 

 Wrightii, Torr. Shrub, to 10 ft.: lvs. elliptic or elliptic-ovate, acutish 

 and mucronate, glabrous or nearly so below, 1-2 in. long: spikes 

 slender, about 2 in. long: fr. glabrous, nearly sessile. Ariz., Mex. 



Alfred Rehder. 



GARUGA (native East Indian name). Burseracex. 

 This includes a deciduous East Indian tree, reaching 

 1)0 feet, and cultivated in southern Florida and Cali- 

 fornia for its fruits, which are the size of a gooseberry, 

 and are eaten raw, but chiefly pickled. 



Tomentose or hairy plants: lvs. crowded at tips of 

 branches, alternate, odd-pinnate; Ifts. opposite, sub- 

 sessile, serrate: fls. polygamous, large, panicled; calyx 

 beU-shaped, 5-cut; petals 5, inserted on the tube of the 

 calyx above the middle; stamens 10; ovary 4-5-celled; 

 ovules in pairs: drupe with 5, or by abortion 1-3, stones, 

 which are wrinkled and finally 1-seeded. — Species 

 perhaps a dozen in India and Pacific islands to Austral. 



