GLADIOLUS 



GLADIOLUS 



1345 



3-6, of medium size, yellowish green, the tube (2 in. or 

 less long) curved; upper segms. elliptic-obovatc, hooded, 

 yellowish and closely striate with purple, the other 

 segms. much smaller and reflexing, mostly green and 

 purple-spotted; stamens nearly equaling the segms. 

 Natal. B.M. 58S4.— Odd. 



22. psittacinus, Hook. (G. juitalensis, Reinw. Wat- 

 sonia natalcnsis, Eckl.). Corm very large, flattencd- 

 globose: st. 3 ft. or more, stout: Ivs. about 4, rather 

 rigid, 1-2 ft. long and 1-2 in. broad: fls. many and 

 large, with a curved tube nearly or quite 2 in. long, 

 in general effect rich yellow but thickly grained and 

 overlaid with red (particularly about the margins of 

 the segms.); upper segms. obo- 

 vate and hooded, dark crimson, 

 the lower much smaller and 

 reflexing, red and yellow mixed. 

 S. Ah., away from the coast. 

 B.M. 3032. B.R. 1442. I,. B. C. 

 18:1756.— One of the leading 

 parents of garden gladioh. 



23. purpftreo - auratus, Hook, 

 f. Fig. 1649. Corm large, glo- 

 bose: St. 3 ft., very slender: Ivs. 

 3-4, short: fls. 10 or more, prim- 

 rose-yellow, medium in size, the 

 curved tube less than 1 in. long; 

 segms. obovate, not widely- 

 spreading, the lower ones with 

 a red -brown blotch; stamens 

 leaching half-way up the Mmb. 

 Natal. B.M. 5944. G.F. 2:89 

 (reduced in Fig. 1649).— Hand- 

 some. A parent of modern 

 gladioli. Suggested by Baker 

 as perhaps a color- variety of G. 

 Papilio. 



CCCC. Under- or body-color white. 

 {Forms of No. 13 may he 

 sought here.) 



24. blandus, Ait. Corm 

 medium .size, globose: st. 2 ft. or 

 less tall, sometimes branched: 

 Ivs. usually 4, 1 ft. or less long and li-^iin. wide: fls. 

 few, white and red-tinged, the curved tube 132 in- long; 

 segms. all oblong or oblong-spatulate and flaring or 

 recurved, .some of them red-marked in the throat; 

 stamens more than half length of hmb. S. Afr., coast 

 region; variable. B.M. 625. Sometimes pure white. 

 B.M. 648, G. dlhidus, Jacq.; pink or flesh-color, B.M. 

 645; G. cdrneus, Delar. ; segms. white, with many pink 

 markings, B. M. 3680, G. Mortonius, Herb. ; "taller, 

 with longer Ivs. and perianth-tube, G. excHsus, Sweet; 

 pink fls. with red blotches on 3 lower segms., var. 

 Hibbertii, Hort. G. blandus is an old garden plant. 



25. floribundus, Jacq. Corm globose: st. 2 ft. or less, 

 often branched: Ivs. usually 4, ensiform, 1-2 ft. long: 

 fls. 12 or loss, ascending, in a lax 2-sided spike, large, 

 white tinged with pink, the slightly curved tube 2 in. 

 or less long; segms. obovate or spatulate, obtuse or 

 deltoid, wide-flaring, red-hned; stamens one-third or 

 one-half length of limb. S. Afr., coast region; perhaps 

 a form of G. blandus. B.M. 610. 



26. oppositiflorus, Herb. Much like the last, but fls. 

 more numerous and smaller, white, sometimes marked 

 with rose, the segms. oblong and distinctly pointed. 

 S. Afr., in the eastern region. B.M. 7292. G.C. III. 

 13:291. On. 45:440. — A ver}- handsome plant, grow- 

 ing 3-6 ft. high, and said to produce spikes 2 ft. long. 



27. Maieri, Ker {Antholyza spicala, Mill.). Corm 

 medium size, globose: st. 12-20 in., simple: Ivs. about 4, 

 ensiform, shorter than the St.: fls. rather large, 4-5, 

 nearly erect, milk-white, the tube 2 in. or less long and 

 straight; segms. oblong and nearly acute; stamens 



86 



1650. Gladiolus turicensis. (XH) 



one-third to one-half length of limb. S. .\fr., coast 

 region. B.M. 632. 



II. Hybrids xnd Vari.\nt.s of Gladiolus in 

 Cultivation. 



The garden gladioli are derivatives of various kinds 

 and degrees. Of many, the parentage is so confu.sed 

 that it cannot be made out. However, there were four 

 early main lines of development or divergence, repre- 

 sented in the late-flowering G. gandavensis, G. Lemoinei 

 and G. nanceianus, and the early-flowering G. Colvillei. 

 To these have been added other hues in recent years. 

 28. Colvillei, Sweet {G. tristis var. cdncolor x G. 

 cardinalis). Fls. open or flaring, 

 with oblong-acute segms. ; scarlet, 

 with long blotches at the base 

 of the lower segms : early-flower- 

 ing: spikes short. Hardy south 

 of Washington with some pro- 

 tection. R.H. 1895, p. 289. G.C. 

 111.12:90. Gn. 28:566; 34:580; 

 50, p. 66. Gn.M. 4:189.— The 

 oldest of the garden forms. R uns 

 into man}' types and strains. 

 The modern white-fld. type, var. 

 dlbus, represented by The Bride, 

 is best known in this country. 

 Small forms are known as G. 

 nanus: Gn.W. 15:9; used for 

 early flowering. Some forms are 

 known as G. floribundus. G. dcli- 

 catissimus, Blushing Bride, is a 

 form of the same group: segms. 

 white, with a large oval rose- 

 crimson yellow-centered blotch 

 on each of the 3 lower ones. Gn. 

 \V. 15:9. J.H. 111.49:213. 



Another form of early-flower- 

 ing gladioli is known as G. 

 ramostts, Paxt. (issue of G. cardi- 

 nalis and G. oppositiflorus), but 

 it is probably no longer pos- 

 sible to distinguish these two 

 groups. 

 gandavensis, Van Houtte (G. psittacinus x G. 

 Fig 1645. Upper segms. nearly or quite 



29. _ 

 cardi7ialis) 



horizontal or hooded, the colors in bright shades of 

 red and red-yellow, variously streaked and pencilled: 

 late-flowering: spikes long. The commonest old-time 

 tjTJe of garden gladiolus with the bloom much like 

 that of G. psittaciniis in form and size, but with a 

 purer and better red. F.S. 2:84 (1846). R.H. 1846:141. 

 P.M. 11:27. Gn. 64, p. 252. H.F. 1:208; 2:1:32. 

 Gt. 59, p. 499 (var. Europa, with pure white fls.) — 

 First offered to the trade by Van Houtte, Aug. 31, 1841. 

 M. Souchet, of Fontainebleau, France, did much to 

 improve the gandavensis type by repeated selections 

 and breeding. By Herbert and some others, gandaven- 

 sis is considered to be an offspring of G. psittacinus x 

 G. oppositiflorus. Var. citrinws, Hort., is like G. psit- 

 tacinus, but the color is bright yellow. F.S. 5:5.39. 

 C. brenchleyensis is one of the gandavensis tribes; 

 light red. G. Holldndia is a pink form of this. 



30. LemSinei, Hort. (G. gandaeensis x G. purpiireo- 

 aurdtus). Fig. 1646. A modern race characterized by 

 highly colored yellow, red and purplish fls., purple- 

 blotched on the lower segms. with a more or le.ss bell- 

 shaped form of corolla — the segms. broatl an<l heavy and 

 the upper ones horizontal or strongly hooded. Grown 

 by M. Lemoine, Nancv, France, and first shown at the 

 Paris Exhibition of 1878. Gn. 17:306; 30:76. R.H. 

 1879:330. — Fls. said not to open up so well when cut 

 as do those of G. gandavensis, the st. being hard. 



31. nanceianus, Hort. (G. Lemoinei x G. Saiindersii). 

 Fig. 1646. Robust, with very large, open-spreading fls.. 



