1420 



GYMNOCLADUS 



GYMNOSPORIA 



perigynous, resembling the sepals, or slightly larger 

 and paler; stamens 10; filaments pubescent, distinct, 

 short, perigynous; pistil 1; ovary superior, simple, 

 1-celled; placenta parietal; ovules numerous; style 

 slender: fr. an oblong ('2-10-in. long), thick, flat, 

 curved, dark brown legume; seeds lenticular, about 1 

 in. broad. — The genus contains 2 species, one American, 

 the other E. Asian. The American species, the Ken- 

 tucky coffee tree, is now frequently planted for orna- 

 mental purposes. Its ascending branches, coarse twigs 

 and pods give it a peculiar sturdy iispect, heightened in 

 summer by the immense compound Ivs. Prop, by seeds 

 and cuttings. Foliage appears in late spring. 



dioica, Koch (G. canadensis, Lam.). Kentucky 

 Coffee Tree. Fig. 1771. Tree up to 100 ft. high, 

 unarmed : Ivs. alternate, unequally twice-pinnate, 1 J-2-3 

 ft. long; Ifts. ovate or oval, acuminate, stalked, entire, 

 glabrous, 1-3 in. long: fls. l^i^n. long, greenish white, in 



1771. Gymnocladus dioica. ( X ' s) 



large panicles, which terminate the branches of the same 

 season : pods persistent through the winter. Rich woods. 

 Cent. N. Y., and Pa. to Minn., Neb., Okla., and Tenn. 

 S. S.3:123, 124. R.H. 1897, p. 491. B.B2:261. G. 

 6:215. — Seeds used for coffee west of the AUeghanies 

 before and during the Revolutionary war. 



G. chinhisis. Bail!., with smaller more numerous Ifta. and much 

 thicker pods, is not cult. j^_ ^ WiEGAND. 



GYMNOGRAMMA. Ferns that belong in several 

 genera, to which they are here referred. The ferns 

 described under Gymnogramma in previous editions 

 are distributed in the present edition as follows: 



For Gymnogramma hispida, see Gymnopteris; for G. 

 triangularis, G. chrysophylla, G. sulphurea, G. decom- 

 posita, G. calomelanns, G. peruviana, G. talarica, G. 

 pulchiila, see Ceropteris; for G. aurea, see Ceropteris 

 argcntca; for G. schizophylla, see Anogramma. 



R. C. Benedict. 



GYMNOLOMIA (naked border, because the pappus 

 is minute or none). Compdsilse. About 20 yellow-fld. 

 herbs or woody plants from Ga. to Mex., much hke 

 small-fid. helianthus. Lvs. alternate or opposite on 

 erect branching sts. : fl.-heads on peduncles terminating 



the branches; involucre hemispherical or bell-shaped, 

 with narrow bracts in 2 or 3 series; receptacle chaffy, 

 more or less conical; ray-fls. pistillate and sterile; disk- 

 fls. perfect, producing 4-angled achenes. Allied to 

 Viguiera, and distinguished by the obsolete or wanting 

 pappus. Probably none of the species is in cult. G. 

 Pdrteri, Gray, occurs on Stone Mt., Ga. : 1-2 ft. high, 

 slender, with 5-8 oval or obovate rays J'2in. or more long, 

 deep orange-yellow. The other species are of the Tex- 

 ano-Mex. region. l H. B. 



_ GYMNOPETALUM (Greek, naked petal). Cucurbi- 

 lacese. Six species of tendril-bearing vines of tropical 

 Asia and Java, of which one, G. cochinchinense, is cul- 

 tivated chiefly for its ornamental gourds. 



This species is a tender perennial plant, and is said 

 to have small white fls. borne in late summer and 

 autumn, as advertised in the seed catalogues, under the 

 name of Scotanthus tubiflorus. Scotanthus was formerly 

 thought to be a closely allied genu.s, differing in 

 the staminate fls. possessing bracts and 3 bristle-like 

 rudiments of an ovary, while the staminate fls. of 

 Gymnopetalum, by the old definition, have no bracts 

 or minute ones, and but 1 rudiment of an ovary. 

 Coigneaux includes Scotanthus in Gymnopetalum. 



cochinchinense, Kurz (Scotanthus tubiflorus, Naudin). 

 Musk-scented: st. much-branched, slender, grooved, 

 creeping or climbing, 5-7 }^2 ft. long: tendrils filiform, 

 elongated, simple: lvs. about 1^^-2J^ in. long, 1-2 in. 

 wide: fls. monoecious, white; calyx-teeth long Hnear- 

 awl-shaped; calyx shortly villous, not tomentose: lvs. 

 ovate, angled or slightly lobed: fr. bright red, ovoid, 

 10-ribbed, rather acute at the base, produced at the 

 apex into a long point which withers and remains, 2 in. 

 long, more than 1 in. thick. l jj 3_ 



GYMNOPSIS: Sclerocarpus. 



GYMNOPTERIS (Greek, naked fern). Pohjpodiacex. 

 A group of small tropical ferns with once-pinnate hairy 

 lvs. with the sporangia forming long lines along the 

 veins without indusia; the If.-margins not rolled over 

 as in Cheilanthes, and to which the genus is related. 



hispida, Underw. (Gymnogramma liispida, Mett.). 

 A low plant, .5-8 in. high, with pentagonal, palmate lvs. 

 1 in. or more either way, densely covered on both sides, 

 but especially below, with strigose hairs. Has been 

 incorrectly referred to Gymnogramma Ehrenbergiana. 

 Texas, Ariz., Mex.— Hardy. r. c. Benedict. 



GYMNOSPORIA (gymnos, naked and sporos, seed; 

 the seed being sometimes without aril). Celastracese. 

 A genus of about 60 species widely distributed through 

 Trop. and Subtrop. Afr., Asia and Austral., S. Eu. and 

 Subtrop. S. .-^mer. Closely related to Celastrus, but 

 easily distinguished by their habit, being rigid, often 

 spiny shrubs or small trees with coriaceous rather small 

 lvs. and perfect small whitish fls. in axillary cymes fol- 

 lowed by small capsular dehiscent frs. ; seeds with or with- 

 out aril. None of the species is hardy N.; G. variabilis 

 being probably the hardiest. They are of little or no 

 ornamental value and only occasionally and rarely cult. 

 in botanical collections. ExceptG. serrata which iscult. in 

 S. CaUf., and recommended as a suitable shrub for ever- 

 green hedges. Prop, by seeds and probably by cuttings. 



serrata, Loes. (Celastrus serratus, Hochst.). Ever- 

 green shrub; the branches with slender spines or 

 unarmed, puberulous or nearly glabrous at the extrem- 

 ities: lvs. coriaceous, short-petioled, ovate or elliptic to 

 oblanceolate, obtuse, serrulate, glabrous, reticulate 

 beneath, 13^-3 in. long: cymes smaU on axiUary, forked, 

 puberulous peduncles much shorter than the lvs. : caps. 

 3-valved, smooth. Abyssinia. G. buxifoUa, Szyszylowicz 

 (CdiUtrus buxif alius, Linn.). Usually spiny, several 

 feet high: lvs. obovate, obtuse, crenately serrate, 1-2 

 in. long: 



