1482 



HEUCHERA 



HEVEA 



1302. R.H. 1898, p. 431.— The H. erubesceni^ of the 

 gardeners seems certainly to belong here. 



3. americana, Linn. Aldm Root. Height 2-3 ft.: 

 scape leafless or with a few small ivs. : basal Ivs. round- 

 cordate, hirsute on the veins beneath, often glabrous 

 above, at least when mature: infl. glandular hairy; the 

 petals about equaling the sepals, greenish white; sta- 

 mens at least 3 times the length of the sepals. Dry 

 or rocky woods, Ont. to La. and Minn. B.B. 2:179. 

 R.H. 1898, p. 431. — Has mottled foliage when young, 

 but becomes plain green in age. 



4. rubescens, Torr. Acaulescent: height 8-15 in.: 

 scape usually leafless: Ivs. kidney-shaped or round- 

 cordate, perfectly glabrous or sometimes shghtly 

 glandular, thick and often shining: sepals pinkish, 

 green-tipped ; petals almost twice as long as the sepals, 

 hnear-oblanceolate. Mountains of LUah and New Mex. 

 to Ore and E. CaUf. — Useful for the alpine-garden. 



5. pubescens, Pursh (H. ribifolia, Fisch. & Av6-Lall. 

 H. ruhifblia, Hort., also seems to belong here). Acau- 

 lescent: height 9-12 or 15 in.: scapes densely glandular 

 pubescent, at least above: 

 ivs. round - cordate, 7-9- 

 lobed, the lobes broad and 

 rounded, sharp-toothed, 

 ciliate; sepals oblong, ob- 

 tuse, somewhat shorter than 

 the broadly spatulate, pur- 

 plish petals. Rich woods, 

 in mountains of Pa., to 

 N. C. B.B. 2:179.— Ever- 

 green fohage marbled with 

 bronzy red. 



6. hispida, Pursh. Acau- 

 lescent: height 2-4 ft.: Ivs. 

 round-cordate or kidney- 

 shaped, 5-9-lobed, the shal- 

 low, rounded lobes with 

 broad teeth, ciliate: sepals 

 spatulate, very blunt, the 

 petals spatulate, equaling or 

 shorter than the sepals. 

 Woods, Va. and N. C. in 

 the mountains. B.B. 2: 180. 



7. bracteata, Ser. Acau- 

 lescent and densely 

 cespitose : flowering 

 branches usually 

 about 4—6 in. tall, 

 usually with a few 

 minute Ivs. : basal Ivs. 

 round-kidncy-shaped, 

 more or less round- 

 lobed and with cuspi- 

 date teeth : sepals 

 oblong, obtuse, the petals oblanceolate or spatulate, 

 shghtly exceeding the sepals. Alpine regions of Colo, 

 and S. Wyo. — Useful only in alpine collections. 



8. parvifolia, Nutt. Acaulescent and cespitose: 

 flowering branches scape-like and quite naked: Ivs. 

 kidney-shaped, usually with an open sinus, and with 

 7-9 shallow, rounded lobes: intl. ultimately elongated; 

 sepals broadly ovate, somewhat shorter than the spatu- 

 late, yellowish petals. Alberta to N. Mex. and Ariz. 



9. cylindrica, Douglas. Acaulescent: height 10-24 

 in. : the infl. spike-like and naked or with a few minute 

 bracts: Ivs. round-cordate, with a few shallow lobes and 

 ovate, cuspidate teeth; sepals oblong, the yellowish 

 green petals minute or sometimes lacking. Brit. Col. to 

 Ore. and Idaho. — Grown chiefly for its foliage. 



10. sanguinea, Engelm. Coral Bells. Crimson 

 Bells. Fig. 1827. Height 1-13-2 ft-: scapes pilose 

 below, glandular pubescent above: fls. typically bright 

 red, but in horticultural varieties ranging from white 



1827. Heuchera sangunea. 



through pink and rose to dark crimson. New Mex., 

 Ariz, and N. Mex. Very good pictures are B.M. 6929. 

 Gn. 26:360; also those in Gt. 45, p. 577. l.H. 43, p. 

 334. Mn. 8p. 75. A.G. 17:201. R.H. 1898, p. 431. 

 R.B. 22, p. 246. S.H. 2:120. G.C. III. 4:125. P.G. 

 4:35. Var. alba (H. alba, Hort.) has pure white 

 fls., and was intro. about 1896 by Haage & Schmidt. 

 Var. splendens, intro. 1898 by the same firm, has dark 

 crimson fls. Var. robusta, or grandiflSra, Hort., accord- 

 ing to J. B. Keller, is an improvement on the type, the 

 bells being larger and the color brighter. Var. hybrida 

 ("Rosy Morn"), Hort., according to D. M. Andrews, is 

 "more robust than the type, foliage deeper cut and the 

 divisions more pointed: fls. rosy pink." Andrews adds 

 that var. alba comes true from seed. Var. rdsea, 

 and var. maxima with dark crimson fls. are advertised. 

 — Under the name H. brizoides, Hort., there is a widely 

 cult, plant with red sts. and pale pink fls. It is chiefly 

 interesting because it is a bigeneric hybrid, it apparently 

 being a cross between Heuchera sanguinea and Tiarella 

 macTophylla. It is a garden hybrid first noticed in 

 1897. Var. gracQlima, Hort., seems merely a more 

 slender form. 



The following names are seen in trade cataloKiies or in Ryd- 

 berg's monograph; //. coiivalUiria, Hort. About 2'2 ft-, with long- 

 stalked panicles of fls. somewhat like the lily-of-the-valley. There 

 is a pink-fid. form, //. cdrnea.= i?) — H. crisfata has been listed 

 in Calif, as "a wonderfully pretty crested variety, originated by 

 Luther Burbank." — H. mncrophylla, Hort., not Lodd.. may he 

 Tiarella macrophylla. — //. pilostssimti, F. Muell. 1-2 ft. high: fls. 

 in close clusters: calyx globular. Calif. — //. purpurd-^ceris was atlver- 

 tised 1898. — //. Wheelcri, Hort-, was found in the .^. some yars 

 ago, and resembles a form of H. canadensis with variegated Ivs. — 

 //. Zabellidna, Hort., has pale pink fls. on long fl. -stalks. 



N. TAYLOR.t 

 HE&RNIA: Huernia. 



HEVEA (from the Brazilian name). Euplwrhiacex. 

 Tropical trees; some yield rubber and are cultivated 

 for that reason. 



Juice milky: Ivs. alternate, long-petioled, the 3 Ifts. 

 entire: fls. small, monoecious, in loose panicles; caly.x 

 valvate, 5-lobed or .5-toothed; petals none; stamens 

 5-10, filaments united into a column; ovary 3-celled, 

 1 ovule in each cell: fr. a large caps.; seeds about 1 in. 

 long. — About 17 species chiefly in the Amazon region. 



The milky juice of some species is rich in caoutchouc, 

 and they are among the most important sources of 

 rubber; otherwise rarely cultivated except in economic 

 and botanical collections. H. hraziliensis, especially var. 

 ja7ieirensis, Pax, is the chief source of the South Ameri- 

 can or Para rubber. The various species are closely 

 related and difficult to separate. The rubber plant com- 

 monly cultivated as a house-plant is Ficu^ elastica. 



Damp, hot climates, such as the tropical rain forest 

 ^ region, without a dry season, are best suited for the cul- 

 *^ ture of hevea, though it will stand some drought. It is 

 best grown from seeds, but can be propagated by cut- 

 tings. The seed should be planted as soon as ripe, as 

 they hve but a short time. The trees grow rapidly, 

 and attain their full height of 60 feet in about eight 

 years, but live for many years longer. A six-year-old 

 tree will jaeld as much as a pound of rubber a year and 

 more when older. For fiu-ther directions on culture, 

 see "Cyclopedia of American Agriculture," Vol. II, p. 

 555. See M. T. Cook, "Diseases of Tropical Plants, 

 p. 191, for rubber plant diseases. 



brasiliensis, Muell. Arg. South American Rubber 

 Tree. Para Rubber Tree. Caodtchouc Tree. 

 Brazil Rubber. Seringueira. Tree, to 60 ft. high: 

 petioles slender, 3-10 in. long; Ifts. elliptical-lanceolate, 

 6 in. long, straight-veined: branches of the panicle and 

 fls. finely and closelj' pubescent: staminate buds acute; 

 stamens 10 in 2 whorls. Amazon region of Brazil. 

 Quite variable. H.I. 2573, 2575. Gn. 18, p. 564. 



paucifiora, Muell. Arg. (H . confusa, Hemsl.). Tree, to 

 60 ft. high: Ifts. obovate, cuneate, obtuse acuminate, 

 4-0 in. long: staminate buds obtuse; stamens 10 in 2 



