HORTICULTURISTS 



HORTICULTURISTS 



1577 



and his various publications on hardy trees make part 

 of a chapter of great interest and significance in the 

 history of American horticulture. His travels were 

 extensive. His chief works are "Ornamental and Tim- 

 ber Trees not Natives of the Province of Quebec" (a 

 comprehensive list of species of possible value for 

 Canada), "Report on Russian Fruits," "Hasty Notes 

 on the Trees and Shrubs of Northern Europe," "Rus- 

 sian Apples Imported by the Department of Agricul- 

 ture, Washington, in 1870" (an elaborate compari- 

 son of Russian opinions .and American experience), 

 "Nomenclature of the Russian Apples," "Of Translating 

 and Rendering into Euphonious English Unpronounce- 

 able Russian Names, also Throwing Out Synonyms," 

 and "Fruits for the Cold North." For a fuller account, 

 with portrait, see "Annals of Horticulture," 1890, 

 287-290. WiLHELM Miller. 



Gideon, Peter M., pioneer pomologist of the north- 

 ern Mississippi states, 181S-1S99, resided since 1853 

 on Lake Minnetonka, Minnesota, and devoted his 

 efforts to the production of apples of sufficient hardi- 

 ness to withstand the climate. He was born in Ohio. 

 He afterward lived in Ilhnois. From boyhood he seems 

 to have been possessed of the idea to raise seedling 

 fruits. He was one of those rare individuals who sets 

 a distinct ideal and strives for it throughout a hfetime 

 in spite of every adversity. These are persons of strong 

 and uncompromising will. They often antagonize their 

 fellows; but their works are usually beneficent. Gideon 

 conceived that the amalgamation of the Siberian crab 

 and the common apple would give the perfect apple for 

 the Northwest. His seedlings were numerous. Several 

 of them have been named and disseminated, and are of 

 value. But his greatest achievement, the Wealthy 

 apple, was of pure Pijrus Mollis stock. This variety is 

 now one of the standard apples of his geograpieal 

 region, and it is also in favor elsewhere. It is a boon to 

 the Northwest. Even when in poverty, it is said that 

 Mr. Gideon spent his last dollar to buy the seeds from 

 which this apple came. He was instrumental in dis- 

 tributing 10,000 apple seedlings in Minnesota, and 

 some of these are now attracting attention. His work 

 was wholly empirical, yet he did so much and con- 

 tinued his work for so long a time that the results have 

 contributed to the knowledge of plant-breeding. Proba- 

 bly no other American has labored so long and devotedly 

 for the attainment of a specific ideal in the apple. 

 Portrait and eulogies will be found in "The Minnesota 

 Horticulturist," January, 1900. L. H. B. 



Gofif, Emmett Stull, horticulturist, was born on a 

 farm near Elmira, New York, in 1852. In 1882, he was 

 appointed horticulturist at the Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station at Geneva. In 1889, he was called to the 

 University of Wisconsin as professor of horticulture 

 and horticulturist of the experiment station. He did 

 valuable work in producing new and hardy varieties 

 of plums for the colder portions of the Northwest. 

 He ivas a pioneer in spraying and invented the kerosene 

 attachment for spray pumps. Professor Goff performed 

 the first successful experiments with fungicides for the 

 control of the apple-scab fungus. He was the author of 

 "Principles of Plant Culture," and "Lessons in Pomol- 

 ogy" and wrote the first classifications of vegetables 

 published in America. He also published m.any bul- 

 letins and papers in horticultural publications. He was 

 a good systematic botanist as well as a horticulturist. 

 He died at Madison, Wisconsin, on June 6, 1902. For 

 portrait and fuller account, see "Cyclopedia of Ameri- 

 can Agriculture," Vol. IV, p. 576. 



Goodrich, Chauncey, bookseller and horticulturist, 

 was born September 10, 1798, and died September 11, 

 1858, at Hinsdale, Massachu.setts. At nineteen years 

 of age he entered a publishing house, but a few years 

 later took up bookselling and publishing on his own 



account, finally settling at Burlington, Vermont. He 

 w;is very much interested in gardening, testing fruits 

 for hardiness in the Champlain Valley and maintaining 

 a nursery on his fai'ni. He did muoh to improve 

 and extend the cultiu-e of fruits in northern New '\'ork 

 and Vermont. He was a contributor to horticultural 

 magazines and author of "The Northern Fruit Cul- 

 turist, or Farmer's Guide to the Orchard and Fruit 

 Garden." For a fuller account, see "Cyclopedia of 

 American Agriculture," Vol. IV, p. 579. 



Green, Samuel B. (Fig. 1880), horticulturist and 

 educator, was born in Chelsea, Massachusetts, Septem- 

 ber 15, 1859, and died in Itasca Park, Minnesota, July 

 11, 1910. His father was one of the early mayors of 

 Chelsea and held many offices of trust. As a boy, 

 Professor Green spent his summers on a New Hamp- 

 shire farm and early developed a liking for farm 

 hfe, culminating in his taking the agricultural course 

 at Amherst, in spite of strong opposition from his 

 family and friends, who wanted him to take up 

 other work. He worked a large part of his way 

 through college, graduating in 1879. Immediately 

 after he graduated, he became superintendent of 

 the Vine Hill Dairy Farm, of West Hartford, 

 Connecticut. After a year's experience, he decided 

 there was not a great future for agriculture in the East 

 and took up gardening and nursery work. He worked 

 for a market-gardener near Boston one season, then 

 took a six-months' post-graduate course at Amherst. 

 "The next season he worked for James J. H. Gregory, 

 and in the winter, for William C. Strong, a rose-grower 

 and nurseryman of Brighton, Massachusetts. About 

 1884 he took charge of the Horticultural Department 

 of Houghton Farm Experiment Station, at Cornwall, 

 New York. He made many interesting experiments 

 here and also had the opportunity to get some land- 

 scape gardening training under Samuel Parsons, Jr., 

 who was employed to develop the Houghton Farms of 

 over 1,000 acres. Thinking that he was not getting 

 enough experience here, he returned to Mr. Strong's 

 nursery especially to learn summer propagation of 



plants, later becom- 

 ing foreman of New- 

 ton Cemetery nur- 

 series. From here 

 he returned to Mas- 

 sachusetts Agricul- 

 tural College as 

 foreman o f the hor- 

 ticultural depart- 

 ment. He remained 

 here until 1888 

 when he accepted 

 the position of pro- 

 fessor of horticul- 

 ture and applied 

 botany in the L'ni- 

 versity of Minne- 

 sota and horticul- 

 turist of the experi- 

 ment station. Later 

 his title was 

 changed to pro- 

 fessor of horticul- 

 ture and forestry, 

 and in 1910 he was 

 made dean of the College of Forestry. He was a mem- 

 ber of the Executive Board of the Horticultural Society, 

 Forestry Board, American Pomological Society, Society 

 of American Foresters and American Forestry Associa- 

 tion. At the time of his death, he was iiresident of 

 the State Horticultural Society and of the State Board 

 of Arbitration. 



Professor Green wrote many books and bulletins 

 and contributed to the agricultural literature generally. 



1880. Samuel B. Green. 



