1626 



HYLOCEREUS 



HYMENOCALLIS 



niinutiflorus, has recently been described by Britton 

 & Rose. It flowers freely in Washington and New York, 

 but as yet has not been very widely distributed. 



tricostatus, Brit. & Rose {Cereus tricostalus, Gosselin. 

 C. triangularis of most WTiters, not of Haw.). Plate 

 LVII. Vines often 20-40 ft. long, green: ribs 3, thin, 

 crenate, with a corneous margin: spines 2-4 from each 

 areole, short: fls. about 1 ft. long, white: fr. large, red 

 without, white within, edible. Mex. B.M. 1884. 



H. ertensus, Brit. & Rose (Cereus extensus, Salm-Dyck). Sts. 

 creeping, perhaps also sometimes climbing, bearing aerial roots, 

 green, rather slender, 3-sided, with obtuse angles: fls. large and 

 handsome; sepals tipped and margined with red; petals rose-colored; 

 style thick, longer than the stamens. This species was described 

 by De CandoUe in 1828, but it is unknown in cult, and in a wild 

 state. A species under this name was figured in B. M. for 1844, 

 but this may or may not be the plant described by De CandoUc. — 

 H, napolednis, Brit. & Rose (Cereus napoleonis, Graham). Sts. 

 much branched, with 3 acute angles; spines 4-5, rigid, 4-5 lines 

 long: fls. 8 in. long; sepals yellow; petals pure white. This species 

 is not in cult, and is not known in the wild state. It was described 

 and figured from a plant which flowered in Edinburgh about 1836. 

 It is occasionally reported in cult.; but all such material seems to 

 be wrongly identified. j j^ RosE 



HYMEN.^A (Greek, nuptial; in allusion to the paired 

 Ifts.). Leguminbsx. Ten species of evergreen unarmed 

 trees in Trop. Amer. : Ivs. alternate, with 1 pair of 

 coriaceous Ifts.: fls. in short corymbose panicles; sejials 

 4; petals 5, generally oblong, scarcely longer than 

 sepals; stamens 10, distinct; ovary short-stalked with 

 few seeds: pod oblong to obovate, thick, often nearly 

 cyhndric, woody, indehiscent. The following species is 

 the most important of the genus and occasionally cult. 

 in tropical collections ' and in greenhouses of botanic 

 gardens for its economic interest. Prop, is by cuttings 

 in summer under glass with bottom heat or by seeds. 

 It yields a fragrant amber-like resin knowTi as coiu'- 

 baril, or American or West Indian copal; the heavy, 

 close-grained and hard wood is used for wheelwork, 

 tree-nails, beams and in various machinery ; the sweetish 

 acid pulp of the pods is eaten by the Indians. 



Courbaril, Linn. Tree, to 60 ft. : Ifts. 2, nearly sessile, 

 oblong, very obhque at the base, acuminate, glabrous, 

 about 3 in. long; petiole Jqiu- long: fls. short-pedicellate; 

 petals about Jiin. long, yellow, striped purpUsh: pod 

 few-seeded, 3-4 in. long. W. Indies to BrazU. 



Alfred Rehder. 



HYMENANTHERA (from the Greek for membrane 

 and anilier, in allusion to the anthers being terminated bj' 

 a membrane). Syn. Solendtitha. Violaceie. Stiff shrubs 

 or small trees: Ivs. alternate or sometimes fascicled, 

 entire or toothed, with small fugacious stipules: fls. 

 small, axillary or on the naked branches below the Ivs., 

 regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual: fr. a small sub- 

 globose berry; seeds 2, rarely 3-4. — About half a dozen 

 species from New Zeal., Austral., Tasmania and 

 Norfolk Isls. H. crassifblia, Hook, f., is offered abroad. 

 A low, rigid, much-branched shrub 2-4 ft. high: bark 

 white, furrowed: Ivs. very thick and coriaceous, hnear- 

 spathulate, entire, sinuate or toothed: fls. small, soh- 

 tary or few together, axillary: berry white or purplish, 

 J^-J4in. diam. New Zeal. Gn. 75, p. 568. — A variable 

 species. Should be grown in a warm, sunny place as a 

 rock-garden plant. Prop, by seeds, cuttings or layers 

 in summer. Good for amateurs on account of the early 

 fls., March to April, and particularly tlie ornamental 

 berries, which retain their characters a long time. In 

 cokl climates needs winter protecton; hardy in south of 

 England. L H. B. 



HYMENOCALLIS {beautiful membrane, alluding to 

 the webbed filaments). Including Ismene. Amartjlli- 

 dacese. Spider-Lilv. Sea-Daffodil. Bulbous plants 

 of the warm parts of the New World (one in Africa), 

 cultivated for the fragrant white (in one species yellow) 

 umbellate flowers. 



Perianth salverform, with a cyhndrical tube, equal 

 linear or lanceolate segms.; stamens 6, the filaments 



free above but webbed and united into a cup below, 

 the anthers narrow and versatile; ovary 3-loculed, with 

 2 collateral ovules in each, bearing a long slender style 

 and very small capitate stigma: scape solid and com- 

 pressed, arising from a tunicated bulb: Ivs. oblong or 

 strap-shape. — Species about 40, from N. C. and Mo. to 

 S. Amer., 1 from W. Afr. The genus is represented in 

 the Old World by Pancratium, which differs chiefly 

 in having many superposed ovules in each locule. 



Some of the species of HymenocaUis are winter 

 bloomers: these should be treated essentially like 

 crinums, being rested or kept slow in the summer. 

 They require a warm temperature. Of such are H. 

 macroslephana, H. speciosa, H. caribiea. Other species 

 require an intermediate or conservatory temperature, 

 and bloom in spring or summer, resting in winter. 

 Of such are H. calathina, H. Harrisiana, H. Made- 

 ana, H. rotata, H. littoralis. Some of these latter or 

 intermediate-house species are hardy in the southern 

 states, there blooming in spring, as H. lacera, H. gal- 

 vestonensis, and others. The species of hymenocalhs 

 require no special treatment (see Bulh), except that 

 the same bulbs may be flowered year after year if they 

 receive good care. Use turfy or peaty soil that will not 

 become "sour" or soggy. Propagation is by offsets 

 from the bulbs. See Amaryllis', for the general handling 

 of this class of bulbs. 



angustifolia, 3. 

 calathina, 12. 

 caribfea, 7. 

 declinatum, 7. 

 galvestonensis, 8. 



Harrisiana, 6. 

 lacera, 9. 

 littoralis, 4. 

 Macleana, 11. 



rotata, 9. 

 senegambica, 

 speciosa, 3. 

 tubiflora, 1. 



macrostephana, 10. undulata, 2. 



A. Filaments long and slender beyond the small cup. 

 B. Lvs. distinctly petioled. 



1. tubiflora, Salisb. Bulb ovoid, about 4 in. diara., 

 short-necked: If .-blade about a foot long and one-third 

 to one-half as broad at the middle, the petiole 6-12 in. 

 long: scape 1 ft. tall; fls. many in the umbel and sessile, 

 the valves or bracts broad and cuspidate; tube of 

 perianth greenish, 6-8 in. long, the Unear white reflex- 

 ing segms. 4 in. long; cup 1 in. long, not toothed, less 

 than half or a third the length of the free part of the 

 filament. N. E. S. Amer. B.R. 265 (as Pancratium 

 guianensc, Ker). 



2. undulata, Herb. Fig. 1936. Bulb ovoid, 3-4 in. 

 diam.: Ivs. with an oblong blade 1 ft. long and half as 

 wide, cross- veined : scape 2 ft. long, compressed; fls. 

 about 10, sessile, the tube 6-7 in. long, and the segms. 

 3-4 in. long and hnear, white, with tinged red cup an 



inch long. Venezuela. 



3. speciosa, SaUsb. Bulb globular, 

 3-4 in. diam. : lvs. 20 or less, large (often 

 2 ft. long), oblanceolate-oblong and 

 acute, narrowed into a channelled 



1936. Bulbs of hymenocallis and pancratium, as named in the 

 trade. — Left, Pancratium maritimum; center, Hymenocallis cala- 

 thina; right, H. undulata. 



