1640 



ILEX 



ILEX 



or elliptic-oblong, narrowed at the base, obtuse or 

 short and obtusely acuminate, crenate-serrate, gla- 

 brous or pubescent below, 3-5, rarely to 10 in. long: 

 fls. axillary, fascicled or in stalked cjTnes: fr. globose 

 or ovoid, Vi-yiva.. across, red or reddish brown. Brazil. 

 B.M. 3992. J.F. 3, p. 69. 



EE. Lvs. shorter than 3 in. 

 44. Cassine, Linn. (/. Dalioon, Walt.). Dahoon. 

 Shrub or small tree, to 30 ft.: lvs. obovate to oblong- 

 linear, acute or obtuse and mucronulate, entire or 

 sharply serrate above the middle, usually pubescent 



1949. nex laevigata iXJz)- No. 51. 



beneath when young, 2-3 in. long: fr. globose, small, 

 dull red, rarely yellow, on this yeai-'s growth. April, 

 May. N. C. to Fla., west to La. S.S. 1:46. Var. 

 angustifolia, Ait. Lvs. linear-oblong to hnear, 2-3 in. 

 long. Var. myrtifolia, Chapm. Lvs. linear-oblong, 

 1-2 in. long: fr. usually soUtary. S.S. 1:45. — Cassine 

 or cassena is the name in the language of the Timucua 

 Indians for an exliilarating beverage prepared from the 

 lvs. of the following plant which had been confused 

 with this species; the name seems to have been borrowed 

 from tlie Muscogee word dssi, leaves, modified by a prefix. 



45. vomitoria. Ait. (/. Cassine, Walt., not Linn. /. 

 caroliniana, Loes.). Cassena. Yaupon. Shrub, rarely 

 tree, to 25 ft., with spreading branches: lvs. oval or 

 oblong, obtuse, crcnate, glabrous, '2-I1 rarely to 2 in. 

 long: fls. clustered on branches of the previous year: 

 fr. scarlet, globose, small. April. Va. to Fla., west to 

 Ark. and Texas. S.S. 1:48. C.L.A. 13:498. 



CC. Fr. black; nutlets smooth: pistillate fls. usually soli- 

 tary, on this year's growth. 



46. crenata, Thunb. (/. Fortunei, Hort.). Much- 

 branched shrub, rarely small tree to 20 ft.: lvs. oval, 

 obovate or oblong-lanceolate, crenately serrate, gla- 

 brous, Vz-lli in. long: fls. 4-merous: fr. '4'in. across, 

 solitary, short-stalked. May, June; fr. in Oct. Japan. 

 Gng. 6:165. F.E. 30:1161." G.M. 46:208. Gn. 64, 

 p. 413. Gn.M. 4:237. Var. microphyUa, Maxim. 

 Lvs. l-i-yiin. long, elliptic or elliptic-oblong. This 

 variety is somewhat hardier than the type. Var. 

 longifolia, Hort. Lvs. elliptic-oblong to lanceolate. 

 V;ir. Ifiteo-variegata, Regel (var. aitreo - variegata, Hort.) . 

 Lvs. spotted yellow, obovate. M.D.G. 1913:53. 



47. glabra, Gray (Prtnos gldber, Linn.). Inkberrt. 

 WiNTERBERRY. Much-branched upright shrub, to 8 ft. : 

 lvs. obovate to oblanceolate, obtuse, with few obtuse 

 teeth toward the apex, glabrous, 1-2 in. long: fls. 

 5-8-merous. June. Mass. to Fla., west to Miss. 

 L.B.C. 5:450. 



AA. Foliage decidvous: fr. red. (Prinos.) 



B. Frs. mostly and lvs. partly fascicled on short spurs: 

 nutlets ribbed on the back. 



48. decidua, Walt. (Prinos deciduus, DC). Shrub or 

 small tree, tc 30 ft., with hght gray, spreading branches: 

 lvs. cuneatc-oblong or obovate, usually obtuse, cren- 

 ately serrate, dark green, and with impressed veins 

 above, pale and pubescent beneath, 1^2-3 in. long: fr. 

 globose, orange or orange-scarlet, J-^in. across. May. 

 Va. to Fla., west to Texas. S.S. 1:49. G.C. IL 14:689. 



49. monticola, Gray (I.diibia, Brit. Stern. & Pogg.). 

 Tree, to 40 ft., with slender branches, forming a narrow 

 pjTamidal head or spreading shrub: lvs. oval or oval- 

 lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sharply serrate, pubes- 

 cent only along the veins beneath, 2-6 in. long: fr. 

 red, globular-ovoid, over Js in. across. May. N. Y. to 

 S. C, west to Ala. S.S. 1:50. Var. molUs, Brit. (/. 

 mdllis, Gray). Lvs. broadly ovate, soft-pubescent when 

 young, glabrous above at length. Var. macropoda, 

 Rehd. (/. diibia var. macropoda, Loes. /. macropoda, 

 Miq.). Lvs. ovate or oval, pubescent below. Japan, 

 Cent. China. S.I.F. 1:59. 



BB. Frs. and Ins. not fascicled: frs. axillary. 

 C. Stalks of fr. I'^in. long, nutlets ribbed on back. 



50. Amelanchier, Curtis. Fig. 1948. Deciduous shrub 

 to 6 ft. : lvs. oblong, subacute, serrate, pubescent, 1 }^- 

 3 in. long: staminate fls. several on a common 

 peduncle: fr. dull red, large; nutlets strongly 3-ribbed 

 on back. Va. to La. G.F. 2:41 (adapted in Fig. 

 1948).— Hardy. 



CC. Stalks of fr. }^in. or shorter; nutlets smooth. 

 D. Fls. 6-9-merous. 



51. laevigata. Gray {Prinos Isngatus, Pursh). WiN- 

 TERBERRY. Fig. 1949. Low shrub, of upright habit: 

 lvs. lanceolate, acute, finely or crenately serrate, rather 

 thick, glabrous or nearly so, lM-2}^ in. long, turning 

 clear yellow in fall: staminate fls. on long and slender 

 stalks: fr. depressed-globose, bright orange-red, over 

 J^in. across. May, June; fr. in Sept. Maine to Pa. and 

 Va. G.F. 4:221 (adapted in Fig. 1949). Gt. 55:1551, 3. 

 Var. Herveyi, Rob. Frs. bright yellow. 



52. verticillata, Gray (Prinos verticillntus, Linn.). 

 Bl.\ck .\lder. WiNTERBERRY. Fig. 1950. Shrub, with 

 spreading branches: lvs. obovate to oblanceolate or 

 lanceolate, acuminate or acute, serrate or doubly ser- 

 rate, usually pubescent beneath, 114-3 in. long, turn- 

 ing black after frost: all fls. short-staUced : fr. bright 

 red, about J^in. across. June, Julv: fr. in Oct. Can- 

 ada to Fla., west to Wis. and Mo. Em. 388. F.E. 24: 

 779. Var. tenuifolia, Torr. (7. broihvcnsis, Brit.). 

 Lvs. obovate, glabrous or pubescent, thin: fls. and frs. 

 larger. B.B. (ed. 2) 3:489. Var. chrysocarpa, Rob. Frs. 

 bright yellow. Also 7. /os/igid/o, Bicknell, from Nan- 

 tucket, differing in its fastigiate habit and in the 

 naiTower lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate lvs., is 

 probably only a variety of this species. — Very variable 

 in shape and text-ure of lvs. One of the best hardy 

 shrubs with ornamental frs. remaining on the branches 

 until midwinter, and are rarely eaten by birds. 



DD. Fls. 4-S-merous. 



53. serrata, Thunb. (7 Siebdldii, Miq.). Slender 

 shrub, to 15 ft., similar ( the former but smaller in 

 every part: lvs. elliptic oi ovate, acute or acuminate, 

 finely serrate, pubescent beneath, 1-2 in. long: fls. 

 4-5-merous: fr. bright red< small J^-isin. across. June; 



