JUNIPERUS 



JUNIPERUS 



1727 



A. Foliage always needle-shaped and in S's, rigid, jointed 



at the base: fls. axillary, dia^ciou^: winter-buds 

 with scale-like Ivs. {See also Nos. 7 and S.) 



B. Fr. large, ^i-l in. across, with the seeds connate into 



a usiiatly 3-celled bony stone. (Caryoeedrus.) 



1. drupacea, Labill. Pyramidal tree with narrow 

 head, to 45 ft.: Ivs. lanceolate, spiny-pointed, '2-?iin. 

 long and '-s-'ein. broad (the broadest of all species), 

 with 2 white lines above: fr. bluish black, edible. S. E. 

 Eu., W.Asia. G.C. 1854:455; III. 19:519. R.H. 1854, 

 p. 165; 1904, pp. 357, 358. 



BB. Ft. smaller; seeds not connate, usually 3. {Oxycedrus.) 

 c. Lvs. iinth 2 white lines above. 



2. macrocarpa, Sibth. (J. neaboriensis, Gord.). 

 Shrub or small tree, to 12 ft., of dense pyramidal habit: 

 lvs. crowded, linear-lanceolate, spiny-pointed, spread- 

 ing, 32-5iin. long: fr. to Yiin. across, dark brown, 

 glaucous. Medit. region. 



3. Cedrus, Webb & Berth. (J. pendula. Loud.). 

 Tree, to 12 ft., with pendulous branches; the trunk to 

 3 ft. diam.: branchlets bluish green, angled: lvs. very 

 crowded, curved or straight, spreading, lineai-lanceo- 

 late, acute or obtusish, scarcely spiny, 34-Hin. long: 

 fr. subglobose, 33-3-2in. long, bluish at first, finally 

 orange-brown, 1-seeded. Canary Isls. Antoine, 

 Cupressineen Gatt. 19. — Cult, in CaUf. The abnormal 

 development of thickness in comparison to height is one 

 of the pecuharities of the species. 



4. Oxycedrus, Linn. Bushy shrub or small tree, to 

 12 ft., with rather slender branches: lvs. linear, spiny- 

 pointed, spreading, }/2r%VD..: fr. globose, J^-J-^in. 

 across, Ijrown, shining, not or shghtly glaucous. Medit. 

 region. H.W. 1, p. 193. 



cc. Lvs. with 1 white line above. 



5. rigida, Sieb. & Zucc. Small, pyramidal tree, to 

 30 ft., or spreading shrub with the slender branches 

 pendulous at the extremities: Ivs. in closely set whorls, 

 narrow-linear, stiff, yellowish green, }2-l in. long: fr. 

 about 3-4in. across, dark violet. Japan. S.Z. 125. 

 S.I.F. 1:12. — Graceful, hardy shrub, somewhat similar 

 to J. communis var. ohlonga, but the lvs. more crowded 

 and stiffer. 



G, comm&nis, Linn. Common Juniper. Upright 

 ehrub or tree, sometimes attaining to 40 ft. : lvs. linear 

 or linear-lanceolate, concave and with a broad white 

 band above, spiny-pointed, J^-^in. long: fr. almost 

 sessile, dark blue, glau- 

 cous, J^-Ji'f. across. 

 Arctic N. Amer. south to 

 Pa., 111., and in the Rocky 

 Mts. to N. Mex., N. and 

 Cent. Eu. and N. Asia. 

 H.W. 1:10. — A very vari- 

 able species; some of the 

 most important varieties 

 an the following: . Var. 

 attreo- variegata, Hort. 

 Upright form, with the 

 tips of the branchlets 

 gold'n j'ellow. Var. de- 

 pre.ssa, Pursh {J. com- 

 mitnis y!\r. canadensis, 

 i>oud. J. canadensis, 

 Burgsd J. nana cana^ 

 densis, Carr.;. T'l;. 2023. 



Afr. Var. hibemica, Gord. (var. sMf(a, Carr.). Narrow, 

 columnar form, with upright branches, deep green, tips 

 of branchlets erect. G. 4:521. Gng. 1:355. Var. 

 montana. Ait. {J. communis nana, Loud. J. nana, 

 Willd. J . alpina,Q.¥. Gray. J. siMrica, Burgsd.). Low, 

 spreading or procumbent shrub, seldom over 2 ft. high: 

 lvs. oblong-linear, abruptly pointed, usually incurved, 

 densely clothing the branches, with a broad silvery 

 white line above, ^i-yo'va. long. Arctic and mountain- 

 ous regions. H.W. l":10. M.D.G. 1910:123. Var. 

 Jackii, Rehd. Prostrate, with flageUiform trailing 

 branches often to 3 ft. long, and almost unbranched 

 except for occasional clusters of short lateral branch- 

 lets 1-2 in. long: lvs. linear-lanceolate, incurved. Ore., 

 N. Calif. Var. oblonga, Loud. (J. obldnga, Bieb.). 

 Upright shrub, with slender, diverging and recurving 

 branches: lvs. thin, long-attenuate, horizontally spread- 

 ing, bright green. Transcaucasia. Var. oblongo-pen- 

 dula, Carr. ^var. reflexa, Pari.). Similar to the pre- 

 ceding, but more decidedly pendulous. A very grace- 

 ful form. C.L.A. 11:308. Var. pendula, Carr. Shrub, 

 with spreading, recurving branches and pendulous 

 branchlets. Var. suecica, houd. (var. fastigiata, Hort.). 

 Narrow, columnar form, growing sometimes into a 

 tree to 40 ft. high, with rather long, spreading lvs., the 

 branchlets with drooping tips : of lighter and more bluish 

 color than the similar var. hibernica. 



AA. Foliage usually of 2 kinds of lvs. {Fig. 2025) usually 

 opposite, decurrenl: fls. terminal: no distinct winter- 

 buds. {Sabina.) 



B. Lvs. in S's, lanceolate, short, loosely oppressed: fr. 

 oblong. 



7. recurva. Ham. (J. repdnda, Hort.). Shrub or 

 small tree, to 30 ft., with spreading and usually recurv- 

 ing branches: branchlets slender; lvs. crowded, curved, 

 apprcssed, hnear-lanceolate, pointed, grayish or glau- 

 cous green with a whitish band above, %-]/^\n. long: 

 fr. ohve-brown or blackish purplcp when fully ripe, 

 about Min. long, 1-seeded. Himalayas. G.C. II. 

 19:468. Gn. 22, p. 107; 36, p. 215. Van densa, Carr. 

 Dwarf, with short, crowded branchlets: lvs. curved, 

 grayish green. 



8. squamata. Lamb. {J. recurva var. squamata. Pari. 

 J. recurva. var. densa, Hort.). Decumbent shrub, 

 sometimes ascending: 

 branchlets thick, ascend- 

 ing at the apex: lvs. 













2023. Juniperus communis var depressa 



Forming broad patches, the 

 sts. ;vscending from . nrocumbent base, rarely exceeding 

 4 ft. in h< ight. Thch. somewhat shorter and broader. 

 Var. a&iea, Hort. {J. ''tna var. canadensis aiirea, 

 Bcissn. ./. canndhiins aiireu Hort.). Like the former, 

 but tips of branchlets golden _> 'How. Gng. 5:67. Var. 

 hemisphxrica. Pari. {J. hemispna>r^ca, Presl). A low, 

 den.'-p, rouniled bu.sh, r:xrely more th!.n 3 ft. high: lvs. 

 straight and stiff, short. Mountains o^ia'. Eu. and N. 



crowded, loosely appressed, linear-lanceolate or lanceo- 

 late, straight or slightly curved, grayi.sh or bluish 

 green, with 2 grayish white bands above: fr. bluish 

 black, globose-ovoid, J^-^sin. across. Himalayas, W. 

 China. Var. Fargesii, Rehd. & Wilson. Tree, to 70 

 ft. : lvs. longer and narrower, linear-lanceolate, more 

 spreading, usually about }'3in. long, acuminate: fr. 

 ovoid, J4in. long. W. China. It has proved hardy at 

 the Arnold Arboretum. 



