LANDSCAPE GARDENING 



LANDSCAPE GARDENING 1787 



the public in locturos, books, govi'inincnt and state 

 publications. 



The thorns, flowcrinu dopwood, red-bud, wild crabs, 

 and in the warmer sei^tions the red bay, cra|)e-niyrtle 

 and camellia, with a spread of 1") to 20 feet, are most 

 suitable to fjive shade and make screens and borders in 

 small lilts. Such lar^e shrubs as the weeping noldeu- 

 bell, mock orange, syriMj;a or Persian lilac have an 

 ultimate spread of U) to 1.') feet, so they .should not 

 find place in a narrow i)art of the border. For small 

 areas, such narrow, fall shrubs as the white lilac and 

 panicled doj^wood will be suitable to give high and 

 nicilium high foliage. l'\)r medium high borders, such 

 shrubs as Lemoine's syringa, Missouri currant, wcigela, 

 Van Houtte's spirea, faced with such small kinds as the 

 dwarf deutzia, Indian currant, snowberrv, Scotch rose 

 and the dwarfer forms of the Thunbcrg's barberry are 

 the safest to use. 



When there is not too much lime in the soil, a broad- 

 leavetl evergreen bed can be established on the shady 

 side of the house in which such tall varieties of rhodo- 

 dendrons, as (ilhiini <'ti{;aiis or album grandijkiriini, 

 would be next to the blank house 

 walls faced tlown with the lower- 

 growing and more si>reading 

 rrin\son- or purple-flowered va- 

 rieties, or with mountain laurel, 

 edged with the low andromedas 

 or dwarf rhododendrons. 



The narrow strip next to a 

 neighbor's blank wall or back 

 yard, or between the entrance 

 passages and the lamidry or 

 other service -yards, may be 

 j)lanted w'ith such narrow tall- 

 growing shrubs as the panicled 

 dogwood, or such easily pro(airecl 

 pyramidal trees as the Loin- 

 bardy or Bolleana poplars, or 

 the less connnon pyramidal 

 varieties of the birch and ginkgo. 

 If the space be very narrow, oni> 

 coulil have a trellis covered with 

 fiat-growing vines such as the 

 Boston ivy and the Jai)anese 

 honeysuckle, which is nearly 

 evergreen, or the V irginia creeper, 

 which will also grow in shade. 

 If a full evergre<>n c.ov.'.r is 



desired, the creeping Euniii/mus radicans is the safest 

 vine for the North and the English ivy, or creeping fig 

 (Firu.f pianila), for the South, all of wliich will grow in 

 shade. If broad spreading vines are permissible, tlien 

 use such as the .\merican or ,Iai)anese bittersweet, 

 wistaria, trumpet-vine, grape and deciduous rose.s in 

 the North and in the w.armiir sei^tion the evergreen 

 Cherokee rose, the Macartney, Banksian and other 

 climbing roses, the bignonias, and passion flowers. 



One should determine to give the lawn plantation 

 individuality, and distinction, but not eccentricity. 



If it is desired that the' gray-greens predominate, then 

 the royal willow, the Ru.ssian f)live, the .sea buckthorn, 

 the .sage willow, or LDiiicrra Alhirti, repre.-icnt typical 

 |)lants to use, ranging from middle-sized trees to very 

 low facing-down shrubs. The mullein pink, Alyssum 

 xnxntilr, and Ccraslium tomcnlosum are herbs having a 

 similar foliage color. 



Kor a dark green lawn border in the North, the 

 laurel-leaf willow, white fringe, Russian rose, i)ayberry 

 anil pachy.san<lra would give a similar range of heights. 

 In the warmer sections, such dark green plants wouM 

 include the figs, laurels, guavas, ami pittosporums. 



If a yellow floral disj)lay in shrubs to extend well 

 through the .seiuson is desired in the North, one coidd 

 u.se the .lapanese varnish tree, Scotch laburnum. Cor- 

 nelian cherry, golden-bell, globe-flower, witch-hazel, 



.Japanese barberry, and a little farther .south the winter 

 jasmine. 



If a red floral display is desired in the warmest sec- 

 tions, the bottle-brush tree, crape-myrtle, .Japanese 

 <]uince, russelia, hibiscus .-iiid poinsettias are available. 



There are also several families of plants such as the 

 heiith and rose families, or the Coidfera', that< con- 

 tain a. sullicient variety in size, outline, foliage, flower 

 and fruit (H)mpletely to plant a place. 



These planting suggestions relate chiefly to the older 

 parts of the country with normal conditions of .soil, 

 cultivation and humidity. There are many sections anci 

 localities in which special .soil, {■limatic and cultural 

 conditions dictate the use of difTerent types of |)lants 

 and also determine thc> extent and character of jjlans 

 for the dev<'lopment of places. On the southern Cali- 

 fornia coast and in the arid (Ireat Basin lietween the 

 coast range and the Hocky Mountains, turf and the 

 ordinary cultivated plants must be irrigated, and, as 

 water is expensive and Hunted in quantity, only small 

 areas can be maintained in turf and gardens at the 

 normal cost of eastern places. To have .a green land- 



2078. Protection-planting. — The home of Florence Nightingale, Lea Hurst, England. Page 17i»l. 



scaf)e during the dry bare-ground season in these sec- 

 tions, ail vantage may be taken of evergreen orange, 

 lemon and olive or.(^hards cultivated for their fruit 

 crop that come into the views. For other evergreen 

 trees, Monterey cypress, Monterey pine, cucalyi)tus, 

 pepper and camphor tree, are most easily procured. 

 For the unirrigated land there are evergreen native 

 shrubs like the rhus, the manzanita, the madrona, the 

 bay .and ceanothus, but as yet they arc not offered by 

 nurseries in ([uantities at reasonable cost. In the place 

 of turf, inexpensive quick ground-cover plants like 

 l.i/jpid n-iwtis, various mesembryanthemums, agaves 

 and (Victi are used. 



In the .South, also, owing to the difficulty of estab- 

 lishing turf, the large lawn areas of the North are 

 impracticable. Here about the only grass that can be 

 relied upon for jx'rmanent sod is the Bermuda grass, 

 whi(^h is brown in winter. Many evergreen plants can 

 be grown here, however, under ordinary cultivation 

 that caimot be grown out-of-doors in the northern 

 states, suiOi as the ivy, camellia, gardenia, Indian 

 azaleas, (Miinese privet, photinia, magnolia, hollies 

 and aucubas. 



In such northern states as Minnesota and the 

 Dakotas, with a snowfall so light as to allow the ground 

 to freeze deep, evergreens do not succeed and many of 

 the deciduous plants of eastern nurseries are utu'eliable. 



