LARIX 



LASTREA 



1823 



with pyraiiiiiial, later often irregular, head: bark dark 

 grayish brown: branehlets slender, glabrous, yellowish; 

 Ivs. conipri'ssed, triangular, soft and obtuse, bright 

 green, ^4-1 '4 in. long: pistillate tls. i)urplish: cones 

 %-\\'2 in. long, with many almost orbicular scales, 

 usually puberulous, or glabrous on the back, loosely 

 appressed at maturity. N. and Cent. Eu. F.E. 29:117. 

 H.W. 1:3, pp. 108-112. M.D.G. 1908:316, 317. G.W. 

 9,_p. 512. Gt. 20:684, fig. 3. B.H. 22:7, fig. 1. Var. 

 pendula, Koch (L. curopka var. pcndula, Lawson. L. 

 amerirnna var. pciulida. Loud.). With pendulous 

 branches; sometimes confounded with the American 

 larch. Gt. 20:684, fig. 11. B.H. 22:8, fig. 1. Gn. 35, 

 p. 245; 39, p. 84. Var. fastigiata, Koch (L. europka var. 

 fasligiata, Beissn.). Of columnar habit. Var. virgata, 

 Hayek (L. europA-a var. virgdia Hempel & VVilhelm). 

 Branches long and tortuous, \vv\ sparingly branched. 

 M.D. 1905:10. H.W. 1, p. 113.— A hybrid of this and 

 the preceding species lia.s been received from Dimkeld, 

 Scotland, and is now growing at the Arnold Arboretum. 

 It is of vigorous growth, but has not yet produced 

 cones. 



sibirica, Ledeb. (L. curopaea var. sMrica, Kegel, and 

 var. rossica, Kegel). Tree, to 120 ft., with straight 

 slender st. and rather short ascending branches: branch- 

 lets yellow: buds grayish brown and dark brown or 

 nearly black at the base: Ivs. linear, 1-1 J 2 in- long: 

 pistillate fis. usually green, sometimes whitish or brown- 

 ish: cones ovate-oblong, usually !}> in. long; scales 

 fewer and larger than in the preceding species, finely 

 tomentose on the back, half-spreading at maturitj". 

 N. E. Russia to Siberia. Gt. 20:684, figs. 1,2. B.H. 

 22:7, figs. 2,3. 



cc. Scales glabrous, slriate, straight at the apex, half- 

 spreading at maturity, usually rather few. 



laricina, Koch (L. americana, Michx. L. micrn- 

 cdrpa, Desf. L. pendula, Salisb.). Tamarack. Hack- 

 matack. Tree, to <;0 ft., with horizontal branches, 

 forming a narrow pyramidal head, sometimes broad 

 and open on older trees; bark reddish brown: branehlets 

 slender, glabrous, reddish yellow, often bloomy: buds 

 reddish brown: Ivs. like those of the former, butof light 

 bluish green color: cones small, oval or almost globul;u-, 

 l^-y^m. long; scales few to 20, ahnost orbicular and 

 entire, glabrous. Canada, south to Pa., west to 111. 

 and Manitoba. S.S. 12:.593. Em. 100. Gt. 20:684, 

 fig. 7, 8. B.H. 22:10, figs. 2, 3. 



dahiirica, Turcz. (L. Cajdndcri, Mayr). Tree, to 70 

 ft., of fairly regular habit while young, old trees usually 

 irregular with wide-spreading branches: branehlets 

 bloomy: bu<ls yellowish brown, darker or nearly black 

 at the base: Ivs. linear, about 13 2 in. long: cones small, 

 Ji-1 in. long; scales orbicular or ovate, rounded or 

 emarginate at the apex, lustrous, about 20 or more. 

 E. Siberia. Gt. 20:684, figs. 9, 10. B.H. 22:9, figs. 5, 6. 

 Var. Principis Rupprechtii, Rehd. & Wihson (L. Prin- 

 cipis Ru/tprcchtU, Mayr). Cones larger, to IJ2 in. 

 long; scales more numerous, truncate at the apex; 

 bracts at least on the lower ])art of the cone more than 

 half as long as the scales. >^X;hina. G.\\'. 10, p. 566. 



/.,. Muensis, Beissn.=L. Potaninii. — L. Grlffilhii. Hook. f. & 

 Thorns. Pyramidal tree, to 00 ft., with spreading and pemluli.us 

 branches; Ivs. soft, obtuse: cones 2-3 in. long, oblonK. with exscrleil 

 and reBeied bracts. Hiniala.vas. F.S. 12: 1207-ng. R.H. ISliK, p. 371. 

 Gt. 20:6S.i. figs. 1-4. B.H. 22: 10, figs. 4-7. G.f. 11. 2.5:719; 2f;:4i;,';; 

 III. 41:1:j0. 131. B.Sl. blSl.—L. Kmmpferi Carr.=Pseudc>hirij 

 Kacnjpferi.— /,. Kacmpferi. .farE.=I,. Ipptolcpia.— /,. kurUrtini!,. 

 Mayr (L. dahurica japonica. Kegel). Allied to I.. Icptolr-pis, to 70 

 It.: branches wide spreading: youne braiichli'ts deep blui.sh red. 

 puberulous: Ivs. rigid; bracts a.s long or somewhat shorter than 

 "i^n „ •. •'"R''"- S-I. F-2:l. G.W. 6. p. 4')U fhabit ).—/.. 

 LynUi. Pari, .\lhed to I., occidentalis. hut lower: youni? branch- 

 lets tomentose: Ivs. quandrangular: ^oung conca deep purple, the 

 scales wnth fringed margin. Brit. Tol. to Wash. S.S. 12:.59,5. G.C. 

 II.2o:«5.3: III. 23:3.i7. Gt. 20:BS.i. figs. 11-13. B.H. 22:(1, figs. 

 .',?■■ j^'I^f'-- 1905:129 (habit).—/,. MaslcrMmi. Rehd. & Wilson. 

 Allied to I,. GrifEthii. Tree, to 00 ft.: Ivs. bright green, 'i-\ 'jin. 

 long: cones about l!; in. long: bracts long eiserted and reflexed, 

 gradually narrowed into a mucro. W. China. — L. olgensix, Henry 



Allied to L. kurilensis, but scales pubescent. Amurland. — L. Pota- 

 ninii, Batal. (L. chincnsis. Beissn. L. thibetica, P'ranch.). Allied to 

 L. occidentalis. Tree, to SO ft.: branehlets glabrous: Ivs. acute or 

 obtusish, about 1 in. long: cones oblong-ovate, 1-2 in. long; bracts 

 lanceolate, exceeding the nearly orbicular scales: scales spreading 

 at maturity. W. China. G.C. III. 39: 178.— L. Ihibelica, Franch.= 



^- P"'^™™- Alfred Rehder. 



LARKSPUR: Delphinium. 



LASIA (Greek, rough or prickly, referring to the 

 aculeate caudex, scape and foliage). Aracese. Two 

 perennial herbs, woody at the base, allied to Dracon- 

 tium and CjTtosperma, not tuberous, with a more or 

 less decumbent caudex, native in E. India, Ceylon, 

 Java, Cochin-China. L. spinosa, Thwaites {Dra- 

 conlium spinbsum, Linn. Pblhos spinbsus, Ham. 

 Lasia hcterophylla, L. Zollingerii, L. Jenkinsii, L. 

 Hermarmii and L. dcsdscens, Schott), is offered abroad. 

 It is a glasshouse subject: caudex about 1}4 in. thick, 

 prickly: petioles 9-18 in. or more long, prickly; blade 

 variable in shape, hastate or entire, or deeply pedately 

 pinnatip;u-tite: spathe 6-10 in. long, the upper part 

 rollcfl into a tail-like exten.sion, the open or spadix- 

 bearing part short. E. India. L H B 



LASIAGROSTIS: Slipa. 



LASIAnDRA: Tibouchina. 



LASTHENIA (name of a w-oman who was a 

 pupil of Plato). Compdsits-. Low, slightly succulent 

 annuals, glabrous or only puberulent, with opposite 

 Ivs. and numerous inch-wide heads of yellow fls. in 

 early summer: rays 5-15; receptacle conical or even 

 subulate, with projecting points bearing the narrow 

 flattenefi achenes; ]):ip]ius none, or of .5-10 scales: 

 involucral bracts making a bell-shaped or hemispherical 

 cup. — Species about 6. Ore. and Ctdif., and Chile. 



glabrata, Lindl. (L. calif&rnica, Lindl. Hologymnc 

 ylabrata, Bartl.). Height about 1 ft.: Ivs. linear 

 or lanceolate, usually 1-4 in. long, some sheathing at 

 base: peduncles long, somewhat enlarged below the 

 erect head; pappus none. Calif. B.M. 3730. B.R. 

 1780, 1823. — The plant cult, under this name is likely 

 to be liacria gracilis, which see. In Lasthenia the 

 bracts of the involucre are united to form a green cup 

 with toothed border, while in Baeria the bracts are not 

 united. Harvei- Monroe Hall. 



LASTREA (C. J. L. Delastre, Austrian botanist). 

 Polypodiacese. A name commonly used in the trade, 

 especially in England, for species of Dryopteris. Also 

 spelled Lastrxa. On the basis of priority it has no claim 

 to recognition, as it was established by Bory in 1824, 

 while we have Nephrodium, 1803; Aspidium, 1801; 

 Tectaria, 1800; Polystichum, 1799, and Dryopteris, 

 1763. 



The following additional species properly classified 

 untler Dryopteris (Vol. II, p. 1078) are in tlie American 

 trade under the name Lastrea (the combinations are 

 for Dryojjteris, not Lastrea) : 



A. Lowest pinnse reduced to auricles: texture thin. 



sancta, Kuntze. Lvs, (t-d in. long, 1-2 in. wide on 

 short slender stalks; lower pinna,' very much reduced; 

 under surface glandular. W. Indies. 



palustris, Kuntze. Lvs. 2-3 ft. long, 8-12 in. wide, 

 on long straw-colored stalks; lower pinna' reduced, the 

 upper 'lin. wide, cut down to the rachis into linear- 

 oblong lobes, Brazil. 



montana, Kuntze. Lvs. lJ^-2 ft. long, 6-8 in. wide; 

 lower [linna' greatly reduced to mere auricles; upper 

 pinna" 1 in. wide, etit mio close blunt lobes. Eu., W. 

 N. Amer. A var. cristato-gracile is akso cult. 



AA. Lower pinnse scarcely reduced: texture firm. 

 rigida, Kuntze. Stalks .stout, densely scaly: If.- 

 blades 1-1 J 2 ft- long, 4-<) in. wide, oblong-lanceolate, 



