LOMATIA 



LONCHITIS 



1903 



and bipinnatifid: fls. small, perfect, in pairs, borne in 

 terminal or axillary racemes, white, i)ale yellow or 

 retldish; perianth irregular, with an obliciue tube oi)en 

 along lower side, the long lobe.s cohering in an ovoi<l- 

 globular recurved limb; anthers sessile; ovary on a 

 long stipe, with a long style and fiat stiginatic disk: fr. 

 a coriaceous follicle. L. ferruginea, H. Br. (L. pin- 

 natifolia, Hort.), is the species most likely to be cult.: 

 Chile: graceful in habit, handsome, with grcvillea-like 

 foliage: Ivs. 2-pinnatifid, very dark green above and 

 tomentose beneath, the segms. ovate and 3-toiithed at 

 the point: fls. about 32in. long, golden vellow and scar- 

 let, rusty-hair>- outside. B.IM. 8112. G.C. III. 42:232, 

 233. L. ohliqiia, R. Br. Chile. Shrub or tree with 

 densely leafy erect branches: Ivs. ovate, crenate, 

 leathery, smooth and bright green, 3-4 in. long: fls. 

 white, with rusty hairs, about ' jin. long, in short 

 axillary racemes. L. longifdlia, R. Br. Austral. Erect, 

 8-10 ft., evergreen, glabrous or nearly so: Ivs. linear- 

 lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, remotely serrate, 4-8 

 in. long: fls. greenish white, in terminal and axillary 

 not elongated racemes, the perianth about Jjin. long. 

 B.M. 7698. B.R. 442. 



L. heterophylla is offered as an "elegant evergreen foliage plant," 



L. H. B. 

 LOMATItlM (name refers to the bordered or winged 

 fruit). UmheUifcTsi. Under this name of Rafinesque's 

 are now separated the American plants that have been 

 referred to Peucedanum. More recently, however, the 

 name Cogswellia has been substituted, although lack- 

 ing priority, because Lomatium is held to be too much 

 like the older Lomatia of Robert Brown. Lomatiums 

 are mostly W. American plants, of about 60 species, 

 growing in drj' soil. They are mostly low or stemless 

 perennial herbs from tuberous or fusiform roots, and 

 compound (ternate, pinnate or dissected) Ivs. From 

 Peucedanum the genus differs, according to Coulter & 

 Rose, as follows: "Peucedanum consists of tall and 

 branching mesophytic plants of low fertile meadows 

 of the Old World, with several umbels, conical stylopo- 

 dium, and solitarj- oil-tubes; while Lomatium consists 

 of low xerophytic plants of acaulescent habit belonging 

 to the arid regions of W. N. A., with u.sually single 

 umbels terminating simple elongated peduncles, no 

 stylopodium, and often several oil-tubes." Horti- 

 cidturally, the lomatiums are of small value, and they 

 have not been cult, sufficiently to have given rise to 

 cult ural forms. A few of the species have been ofTered by 

 dealers in native plants. They seem to thrive well in 

 drj' exposed places. They are interesting for the front 

 row of hardy borders and for colonizing in wild open 

 places, and for use in rockwork. Two of the species 

 come as far East as Nebraska and Iowa. 



A. Peduncles usually slender, never swollen at the top. 



B. Bracllets of innolucel conspicuous, often broad 

 or united at base. 

 dasycarpum, Coult. & Rose (Peucedanum dasy- 

 cdrpuni, Torr. & Gray). St. verj' .short or wanting: 

 peduncles several, stout, pubescent, 2 in. or less high: 

 Ivs. rather small, pinnately decompound, the numerous 

 segms. short-linear: umbel 6-15-rayed, bearing white 

 fls.: fr. nearly orbicular. S. CaUf. 



BB. Bracllets small or icanting. 

 c. Lvs. narrow in outline, pinnate. 



Hallii, Coult. & Rose (P. Hdllii, Wats.). Very 

 short-stemmed, the peduncles 6-16 in. tall and glabrous: 

 lvs. oblong in outline, the segms. ovate and deei)- 

 toothed or pinnatifid: umbel 3-6-raye<l, bearing yellow 

 fls.: fr. broaxUy elliptical, glabrous. Ore. and Wash., 

 alpine. 



cc. Lvs. broad in outline, 1- S-tcrruUe. 



platycarpum, Coult. & Rose (P. t'mplex, Nutt.). 

 Often tall and stout, but sometimes ni arly stemless: 



lvs. ternate or 2-temate, the Ifts. almost filiform to 

 linear-lanceolate: umbel 3-15-rayed, bearing ydlow 

 fls.: fr. broadly oblong to nearly orbicular, sometimes 

 emarginate at each end. Colo, and Utah to Mont, and 

 Wa-sh. 



tritematum, Coult. & Rose (P. triltrnatum, Nutt.). 

 Sometimes 2-2 '^ ft. high: lvs. 2-3-ternate, the Ifts. 

 narrow-linear to linear-lanceolate: fls. deep yellow: fr. 

 narrowly oblong, glabrous. N. Calif, to Brit. Col. 



AA. Peduncle stout, swollen at the top. 

 nudicaftle, Coult. & Rose (P. hiocdrpum, Nutt. 

 Smyrniuin nudicaiile, Pursh). Stemless, glabrous: 

 peduncle 12-16 in. tall, from a long, fleshy root: lvs. 

 1-2-ternate or 3-quinate, the Ifts. thicki.sh and ovate to 

 narrow-lanceolate: umbel unequally 5-2()-rayed, bear- 

 ing yellow fls.: fr. narrowly oblong. Calif, to Brit. Col. 

 and Idaho. L. H. B. 



LOMATOPH"fLLUM (Greek compoimd, referring to 

 the bordered leaves). Liliacea-. A few si)ecics in the 

 ^Iascarene Isls., with the habit and ])crianth of Aloe, 

 but differing in the red-margined or cartilaginous- 

 margined lvs. and fr. a bern,'. They are fleshy sub- 

 shrubs with hermaphrofhte fls. and introrse anthers as 

 in Sansevieria, but differ in having declined hypogynous 

 stamens and several ovules in a cell, whereas San.se- 

 vieria has erect stamens inserted on the throat of the 

 tube and solitary ovules. They are probably not in 

 commercial cult. L. borbOnicum, Willd. (L. aloijlbrum, 

 Nichols.), the Bourbon aloe, is the one most likely to be 

 found in amateur collections: st. 8 ft., thick at maturity: 

 lvs. about 3 ft. long, homy-toothed, bordered red: 

 fls. yellow, with brown-red outside, about ^j'in. long. 

 Mauritius. B.M. 1585 (as Phylloma aloiflorum). 



LONAS (derivation in doubt; possibly a recombina- 

 tion of some of the letters of Santolina). CompdsiUe. 

 Species one, an unimportant hardy yellow -flowered 

 "everlasting," known to the trade as the African daisy 

 or Athanasia annua. 



Leaves coarsely toothed or entire: heads small, in 

 dense terminal corymbs, the fls. all alike; corolla yel- 

 low and regular: achene glabrous, angled and 5-ribbed; 

 pappus cup-shaped, making a lacerated crown. The 

 heads are about 5 'gin- across, and composed entirely 

 of disk-As. There are 14 or more heads in the largest 

 corymb, which may be 2 in. across. This plant was 

 removed from Athanasia largely because it is an annual 

 herb, while the athanasias are shrubs or subshrubs. A 

 more fundamental reason for giving this plant a sepa- 

 rate genus us that it has a cup-shaped pappus, while in 

 Athanasia the pappus is absent or consists of small 

 rather bristly chaff or else of hyaline hairs. The plant 

 is of very easy cult. 



inoddra, Gaertn. {Athanasia dnnua, Linn.). African 

 Daisy. Annual, fleshy, branching, 1 ft. high: lvs. alter- 

 nate, pinnatifid, the divisions linear, entire, remote: 

 corymbs dense: seeds 5-ribbed, not hairy. Aug., Sept. 

 Medit. region. B.M. 2276. J.H. III. 31:281.— Scarcely 

 in cult, outside of botanic gardens, and of little horti- 

 cultural importance. N. Taylor.! 



LONCHITIS {lance, from the shape of the fronds). 

 Polypoilidces. A few species in Trop. Afr., allied to 

 Pteris, differing in the sori: large ferns, the segms. 

 broad and leafy, with interlocking veins: sori marginal, 

 crescent-shaped, or kidney-shaped, on the ultimate 

 sinuses, the pergamentaceous indusiuni formed of the 

 reflexed membranous edge of the frond. They are 

 warmhouse ferns little seen in cult. L. pubescens, 

 Willd., in several forms and under various names, is 

 the species best known horticulturally. Stiju'S 1-2 ft. 

 long, woolly pubescent, the fronds 2-4 ft. long, 3-pin- 

 natc, the lower pinna; 1 ft. or more long, woolly or 

 downy; pinnules lanceolate and deeply cut, to IJ^ ft. 



