1984 



MAN FREDA 



MANGIFERA 



high, 



2 in. 



BB. Stamens long-exserted. 

 c. Tuhf of perianth longer than segm. 



virginica, Salisb. ^.■lg<ily virginiea, Linn. .1. pallida, 

 Salisb. .1. earolin^nsis, Lets. A. Alibirtii, Uiilicr. 

 Alihi-rtia intennt-dia, 'Mar. Aide earoUniana, Hill. 

 A. rirginica, Crantz). Lvs. groon: infl. 3-5 ft. 

 glaucous; fls. scented like nuicc, short-stalked, 

 long; lube thrice as long as 

 segni.; tilanicnts inserted at its 

 base. S. U. S. Hardy. B.M. 

 1157. Jacq. Icon. o7S. Lam.. 

 Encvcl. 235. Uill, llort. Kew. 

 13. "Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 

 5, p. 155; S, p. 15. Rep. Mo. 

 Bot. Card. 7:2ti, 27, li3. R.B. 

 1:445. — A form with niottlod 

 lvs. is var. tigrina, Rose 

 (.U. lignna, SnisUl. Agc'we 

 rirginica tigrina. Engclni.). 



brachystachys, Rose 

 (.•lj;nir brachystachys, Cav. 

 .1. polyanthoidcs, Cham. & 

 Schlccht. .4. saponaria, Lindl. 

 .4. hiimilis, Rocm.). Lvs. green 

 or reddened at base: infl. 6 ft. 

 high: fls. sessile, 2 in. long; tube 

 nearly twice as long as segm, 

 Mex. and Guatemala. Redoutd, 

 Lil. 4So. 



cc. Tube of perianth shorter 

 than segm. 



variegata, Rose (Agave va- 

 riegata. .lacobi). Lvs. chan- 

 neled, mottled: infl. 3-4 ft. high; 

 fls. .subspssile, l^A-lVi in. long; 

 tube slightly shorter than segm.; 

 filaments toward its throat. S. 

 Te.\as and adjoining Mex. Ref. 

 Bot. 326. 



guttata, Rose (Agave guttata, 



Jacobi A: Houchd. A. protiibc- 



rans, Engelm. Leichtl'inia pro- 



titberans, Ross. L. commutata, 



Ross). Lvs. crisped, mottled: 



infl. 3 ft. 



high; fls. ,11 jiTfiV*. W 



subsessile, ^^^^^^^^-^^^Si^Si^^^ A r 



I-IH in. y^ r 



long; tube 



half as long as segm., the 



ovary protruding into it ;fila- «*5 



ments in throat Mex. Biol. ^ 



Cent.Amer. 87. B.M. 8429. 



William Trelease. 



2319. Manfreda maculosa. 



MANGEL-WURZEL. A race of beets with very large 

 roots, grown for forage; usually shortened to mangel. 

 Often called lieta vulgaris var. macrorhiza. 



MANGIFERA (from mango, common name of one 

 species, and Latin, to hear). Anacardiace^-. Troijical 

 trees, of which M. indica is the only one well known 

 horticulturally, and is cultivated throughout the 

 tropics for its fruit, being naturalized in many regions. 

 It is the mango of English-speaking countries, in its 

 finer varieties one of the most delicious of all tropical 

 fruits. Several other si)ccics also produce edible fruits, 

 mostly, however, of indifferent value; their distribu- 

 tion is in nearly all ca.ses limited. The Malay Archi- 

 pdago is the home of nearly the entire genus, Malacca 

 having a particularly large proportion of si)ecies. M. 

 indica has been in cultivation since such a remote 

 period that its exact origin is somewhat doubtful, but 

 It has been considered by the best authorities to be 



indigenous to the Himalayan foothills of eastern India, 

 cxteniling possibly through Burma into the Malayan 

 region. 



Leaves alternate, petiolate, entire, coriaceous: fls. 

 sinall. iiolygamous, in terminal panicles; calyx 4-5- 

 pai-titc; corolla l-5-pclaled; petals free or adnate to 

 the disk, iml)ri<-ate; stamens 1-5, rarely more, inserted 

 just within the disk; in mo.st species there is commonly 

 only 1 fertile stamen, the remainder being more or less 

 abortive or reduced to staiuinodos; ovary 1-celled, 

 obliiiue, the style lateral: fr. a largi' fleshy druiie, with 

 a com))resspd, fibrous stone. — A genus of about 30 

 siiecirs, natives of 'I'rop. Asia. Several allied genera 

 are of horticultural importauiu', notably Anacardium, 

 which includes the casliew (.1. occiilcniidv), Spondias, 

 of which several species are cultivated for their fruits, 

 known commonly as hog-jilum, Spanish plum, and so 

 on, and Pistacia, which furnishes the [listacio nut; 

 all tropical or sulatropical in distribution. The genua 

 Rhus, which includes the sumac and jioison ivy, and 

 is well represented in warm-temperate regions, is also a 

 member of the same family. 



indica, Linn. Mango. Fig. 2320. A large tree, erect 

 or spreading in habit, 30-90 ft. high, with oblong-lan- 

 ceolate to elliptic lvs. 6-lG in. long, variable in breadth, 

 glabrous, deep green, the margins sometimes undulate, 

 apex commonly acute; petiole 1-4 in. long, swollen at 

 the Ijase: panicles a foot or more'in length, pubescent, 

 rarely glabrate; fls. yellowish or reddish, odorous, sub- 

 sessile, staminate and hermaphrodite on the same pani- 

 cle; sepals ovate-oblong, concave; jjetals twice as long 

 as sepals, ovate, 3-5-ridged, the ridges orange; disk 

 fle.shy, 5-lobed; stamens 1 fertile, 4 reduced to stami- 

 nodes of varying prominence; anthers ])urplish; ovary 

 glabrous: fr. 2-6 in. or more in length, usually com- 

 pressed laterally, greenish, yellowish or reddi.sh in 

 color. N. India, Burma, and possibly Malaya, as 

 noted above. B.M. 4510. H.U. 3:193. 



zeylanica, Hook. f. A tree, glabrous throughout: 

 lvs. oblong-obovate to eUiptic-lanceolate, usually 

 rounded at the apex, 2-3J2 in- long: panicle stout, 

 longer than the lvs.; fls. on slender pedicels; sepals 

 orbicular; petals short, elUptic-oblong, disk larf^; 

 fertile stamen 1, with 6-8 staminodes; ovary slightly 

 pubescent. Ceylon, up to elevations of 3,000 ft. — 

 (.'losely approaches M. indica, but said by Hooker 

 to (lilfer in habit and foliage, the contracted panicle, 

 fls. with longer pedicels, perfectly glabrous sepals, and 

 short petals. 



fdetida. Lour. Bachang. Ambatjang. A large tree, 

 with elliptic-oblong to obovate lvs. 10-12 in. long, 

 3-4 in. broad, acute at base, acute to obtuse at apex; 

 petiole stout, 1-lH in- long: panicle large, stout, deep 

 rod; fls. subsessile; sepals ovate, obtuse; jjctals linear- 

 lanceolate, reflcxed, pink or red; stamens 5, 1 perfect, 

 the rest shorter, imperfect; ovary glabrous, oblique, 

 grt^en, smooth, very fetid; flesh yellow, stone very 

 fibrous. Distributed throughout the Malay Archi- 

 Ijclago, where the fr. is eaten by the natives but is con- 

 sidcrecl of very poor quality by Europeans. 



odorata, Oriff. KtrwiNi. Bumbum. A tree, glabrous 

 throughout, or with panicles .slightly pubescent: lvs. 

 ellipticvlanceolate to oblong, 6-12 in. long, 2-4 in. 

 broad, acute or acuminate; petiole stout, I^-IM in. 

 long: panicle stout, green; fls. odorous; .sepals ovate- 

 olilong; i)etals linear-oblong, reflexed, greenish, suf- 

 fused blood-red; perfect stamens sometimes 2, stami- 

 nodes slender, capitate; ovary glabrous: fr. oblong, 

 yellowish green, fetid, stone compressed, fibrous. A 

 native of Malacca. — The fr. is said to be sweet, with- 

 out ;),ny taste of turpentine. 



caesia, .Tack. Binjai. A large, stately tree, with 

 stout branchlets: lvs. cuneate-obovate to elliptic, ()-16 

 in. long, 'ZVr-Z]^ in. broad, somewhat glabrous; petiole 

 ]4-\ in. long: panicle stout, much branched; fls. on 



