NAMES — NOMENCLATURE 



NAPOLEONA 



2105 



articles; the English version of it will be found in the 

 Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. 37:U9-151 (October, 1911). 



Tlie International Huli-s liavo been adojitod and are 

 followed by nearly all botanists of the Old World and 

 of this continent outside of the United States. In Eng- 

 huid there are perhajis a few who still follow the Kew 

 rule, and an example of a very recent horticultural book 

 in which this rule is adhered to is Bean's "Hardy Trees 

 and Shrubs." In Germany there is one horticultural 

 writer, .\. \'oss, who holds to the Paris Code a.s amended 

 by O. Kuntze, as apjiears from his botanical contribu- 

 tions to the "Landlexikon" edited bj' K. von Putlitz & 

 L. Meyer and in course of publication. In this country, 

 a large number of botanists have adopted the Interna- 

 tional Rules, but the greater part follow the Phila- 

 delphia Code. The differences that the application of 

 these codes produces on the nomenclature of our native 

 plants may readily be seen by comparing the two 

 manuals of the flora of northeastern North America, 

 namely the seventh edition of Gra}''s Manual by Fem- 

 ald and Robinson and the second edition of Britton's 

 Manual; the first follows the International Rules the 

 second the Philadelphia Code. 



An interesting secession from the Philadelphia Code 

 is constituted by E. L. Greene and two or three other 

 botanists; they do not recognize any fixed starting 

 point in botanical nomenclature and go back to Theo- 

 phrastus, Dioscorides and Pliny, accepting the occa- 

 sional binomial names found in the works of pre- 

 Linnsan ^Titers. They quote, e. g., Populus nigra, 

 Pliny; Hesperis horlensis, C. Bauhin; Rorella Cordi, 

 Lobelius {=Drosera rotundifolia) ; Bucnniphtjllum amcri- 

 canum, Plukenett {^Sarracenia purpurea); Spirsea, 

 Theophrastus. Other examples may be found in articles 

 published in the "American Midland Naturalist." 



It is to be hoped that there will be no more secessions 

 from the two chief nomenclatorial codes, but that 

 instead the followers of these two codes will find, by 

 mutual concessions, some common ground to agree on 

 a universal code acceptable to all botanists of the 

 ^orid. -Alfred Rehder. 



NANDINA (Japanese name). Berheridacex. A small, 

 tender shrub with bright red or white berries, said to 

 be cultivated in every httle garden in Japan. 



Erect plant: sts. about as thick as a finger: foliage 

 evergreen, graceful at all times, twice or thrice temately 

 cut; Ifts. entire: young growth prettily tinged with red, 

 and the bases of the lower stalks often swollen into red 

 globular bodies: fls. small, numerous, white and pani- 

 cled. It agrees with the common barberries in having 

 6 stamens and an indehiscent berry, but the fls. are 

 differently colored and the sepals more numerous. 

 There are about 6 petals, but the numerous sepals 

 gradually pass into petals, the outer ones being small, 

 green and leathery, the inner larger and whiter: ovules 

 2, ascending from the base: berries red, in clusters 

 terminating the branches, handsome. — Species 1, N. 

 domestica, Thunb. Japan and China. B.M. 1109. On. 

 23, p. 329; .58, p. 13. G.M. .51:66.5. G. 29:43. 



This shrub is rarely grown North under glass. Pot- 

 grown plants or seeds are procurable from Japanese 

 dealers. The seeds are said to be of an uncommon 

 shape, being convex on one side and concave on the 

 other. Ernest Braunton writes as follows about the 

 plant in Cahfomia: "Nandina domestica is an old-time 

 favorite in southern California, ultimately reaching to 

 8 feet in height, though of slow growth. For a few 

 years past its use in local gardens has steadily increa.sed 

 and bids fair to rival that accorded it in Japan, where 

 it is to be found in nearly every garden. It grows well 

 in whole or partial shade and if well supplied with 

 water does equally well in the hottest sunshine. If 

 used in sunny position it will be found to thrive best 

 when planted in lawns, evidently needing more atmo- 

 spheric humidity than our climate naturally affords. 



Its terminal trusses of white flowers, followed by bril- 

 liant scarlet berries, added to a winter change of foliage 

 from green to red, unite to make it an interesting and 

 attractive shrub throughout the year." The plant is 

 held in great reverence in China; it there witlistands 

 considerable frost when the wood is well ripened. 



WiLHELM Miller. 



NANNORHOPS {duwf hush, because of its low 

 stature). Palmacese. One tufted small fan-lvd. palm, 

 Afghanistan and India, A'. Ritchieana, Wendl., scarcely 

 cult. St. or rhizome prostrate, several feet long, 

 branched: Ivs. rigid, plicate, with whitish powder, the 

 segms. curved and 2-lobed, the petiole unarmed (and 

 thereby distinguished from Chanuerops humilis) : spadix 

 much branched: spathes tubular and sheathing: fls. 

 polygamous; corolla 3-parted; stamens 6-9: fr. a small 

 globose or oblong l-.seeded drupe the size of a grape. 

 G.C. III. 51:66. 



In the mountains of Afghanistan it grows where 

 covered with snow in winter. In sheltered places there 

 it reaches a height of 15-2.5 ft. : Ivs. 3 ft. long, the petiole 

 half as long as the blade, the 8-15 If.-divisions 1 ft. long. 

 The hard bony seed is said to be surrounded with an 

 edible pulp. L. H. B. 



NAN ODES (a pigmy: the plants are small). Orchida- 

 cese. Two or 3 epiphj-tic S. American orchids now- 

 referred to Epidendrum. In that genus it forms a section 

 or subgenus, with lip adnate to column, and 4 pollen- 

 masses on ovate glands. E. Medfisae, Pfitz. {Nanodes 

 Medusa>, Reichb. f.), from the Andes, is a very singular 

 fleshy-stemmed pendent orchid with distichous imbri- 

 cated, twisted glaucous Ivs., and 2 or more large terminal 

 fls. with greenish sepals and petals shaded dark brown, 

 and a fringed dark purple lip: pseudobulb about 1 ft. 

 long. B.M. .5723, where Hooker remarks: "Amongst the 

 many bizarre fls. which Orchidea; present, few are more 

 singular than this Nanodes, to which Mr. Reichenbach 

 has most fehcitously given the name of Medusa'. Alto- 

 gether the flattened, stout culms, and the extraordinary 

 appearance and lurid purple of the flower give it a most 

 sinister appearance, and, for an orchid, a most unusual 

 one." E. Mathewsii, Reichb. f. {Nanddes Mdthewsii, 

 Rolfe). Rhizome creeping, many-rooted : st. nearly erect: 

 Ivs. linear, acute, canaUculate at base, distichous: fl. 

 single, large; sepals lance-acuminate; petals linear, 

 acute; lip emarginate. Peru. L. H. B. 



NAPiEA (name refers to a glade or dell). Malvacese. 

 One species, N . dUnca, Linn., a rough-pubescent peren- 

 nial herb, .5-9 ft. high, st. nearly simple, growing in 

 valleys and bottom-lands. Pa. to Minn, and Tenn., 

 said to be sometimes cult, for ornament. The fls. are 

 smaU, white, in terminal corymbs, dicccious, the stam- 

 inate with 1.5-20 anthers and the fertile with sterile 

 stamens and an 8-10-carpelled ovary; petals entire; 

 calyx 5-toothed and no involucel: Ivs. large, the radical 

 ones often 1 ft. or more across, palmately 9-11-cleft 

 and the lobes pinnatifid. This plant is not to be con- 

 founded with Sida Napspa (or properly S. herntaphro- 

 dila), of similar range and habit and said also to be 

 cult, in old gardens, but which has hermaphrodite fls. 

 See Sida. 



NAPOLEONA (after Napoleon Bonaparte). Lecylhi- 

 fJace^F. A small but botanically remarkable genus of 

 Trop. W. Air., very Uttle knowTi in cult, and demand- 

 ing no treatment here. The fls. are of interesting struc- 

 ture. They are shaped like a saucer, about 2 in. diam., 

 and the dominant color is reddish and bluish. The 

 pet.als, staminodia and stamens are in 4 concentric 

 rows, and more or less joined at the base to form the 

 saucer or cup; the petals, on the outside, are connate 

 and form a circular membrane or rim with many folds: 

 the staminodia, free or nearly so, form a second row; 

 the third row of connate staminodia; inner row of 



