;uH> 



NAPOLEONA 



NARCISSUS 



goal stamens also connate at biuse. In tlic I'lora of 

 Trop. Afr. the fls. arc said to bo rod, ululc or \>\\u\ 

 Els«"\vhere it is statod tliat tho ils. turn lihiish as tlicx' 

 dway. The names and illustrations of the species are 

 oonfustvl. The names met in horticultural literatun> are 

 A". iHi/xTi'<i/i,s, Heauv., A'. Htudcldtii, Juss., X. Whil- 

 fieldii. Lem., A". Mdimii, Miers, .V. cuxpiditUi, Miers, 

 A'. .UitTsii, Hook. f. In B.M. "199, some of the syn- 

 onomy of the species is explained, with references to 

 fipur«>s. 



NARCISSUS (name probably derived from the story 

 of the youth Narcissus, in mythology). Atimrylliiiamr. 

 NAiu'issrs. Dakkodil, Well known and desirable 

 mostly spring-blooming bulbs, hardy antl also used for 

 forcing. 



Plants with tvmicated bulbs, from which arise the 

 fohage and the fl. -scapes: Ivs. linear or even subvilate, 

 usually appearing with the bloom: fls. white, yellow or 

 seldom green, erect or pendent, solitary or umbellate on 

 the top of the scape or peduncle, the sjiathe 1-lvd. and 

 membranous; perianth salverform, the tube varying 

 in shaiie, the t) segms. equal or nearly so ami ascending, 

 spreading or reflexed, the throat bearing a corona or 

 crown which is long and tubular (trumpet daffodils), or 

 cu{>-shaped, or reduced to a ring; stamens t), attached 

 in the perianth-tube, the filaments short or long; ovary 

 3-celled, the style filiform and the small stigma 3-lobed: 

 caps, membr.inous, loculicidal, bearing globo.se or 

 angled seeds. — The species of Narcissus grow natively 



in Cent. Eu. and the 

 Medit. region and east- 

 ward through Asia to 

 China and Japan. 

 Many species-names 

 K=^ ;s^-\ I /ju It n « are in the literature, 

 1 ^<^^9kii^^^ 1 II M niost of them repre- 

 senting variants or hy- 

 brids, for the plants are 

 extensively cult, and 

 have received much 

 attention from fan- 

 ciers; probably 2.5 or 30 

 species represent the 

 original stocks. The 

 I) r o m i n e n t species- 

 types from the horti- 

 cultural point of view 

 are A'. Psewdo-N arcia- 

 sus (the common daffo- 

 dil), A^. Bulbocodiurn 

 (hoop-petticoat daffo- 

 dil), N. Tazella (poly- 

 anthus narcissus), A^. 

 Jonquilla (jonquil), A', poeticus (poet's narcissus). 



It is customary to throw the cultivated narcissi into 

 three main groups, found(Ml on the length or size of the 

 crown or cup in the perianth: I. The true daffodils or 

 trumpets (Magnicoronati; Figs. 24.37-2442), those with 

 crown.s equaling or surpassing the perianth-segments 

 in length; here belong N. Pxrudo-Narci^sux, N. FSulbo- 

 cndium. II. The star-narcissi or chalice-flowers 

 (Mediocoronati; Figs. 244.'i-244()), with crowns about 

 half the length of the .segments, as N . Iriamlrus, N. 

 incomparahilis. III. The true narcis,si (Parvicoronati; 

 Figs. 2447-24.50), in which the crown is very shor.t or 

 reduced to a rim, a.s A^ poeticux, N . Jonquilln and N . 

 Tazetta. With the introduction of hybrid races, this old 

 and usual cla-isification becomes confused. It is sug- 

 gfMted, therefore, Iw S. Eugene Bourne, an English 

 authority, in "The Garden," "that the first step to an 

 improved classification — a step which requires a v('ry 

 slight alteration in the present system — should be to 

 form group I exclusively of true daffodils, and group 

 III exclusively of true narcissi. All seedling.s resulting 

 from the union of two true daffodils should be placed 



2437. 



Narcissus Bulbocodiurn var. 

 monophyllus. ( X H) 



in group I, all these from the imion of two true narcissi 

 in gro\i|) 111. .Ml cros.s-bred forms containing both true 

 daffodil and true narcissus blood should be ])Ut with the 

 two species of intermediate character, Triandrus .and 

 .luncifolius, in grouj) 11, to be called, ju'rhajis, inter- 

 mediate narcissi. In subdividing this middle group, 

 forms having si)ecial characteristics must be carefully 

 distinguished from each other (for example, hybrids 

 of Triandrus from hybrids of Poeticus, and so on), but 

 subject to such distinctions, arbitrary crown-perianth 

 measurements would be usefully employed." Dis- 

 ca riling, for the garden forms, the older grouping into 

 the tlirec crown-lengths, the Royal Horticultural 

 Society recently adopted eleven groups of Narci.ssi, as 

 follows (subdivisions omitted except in I) : 



I. Tkotipet Daffodils. Trumpet or crown as 

 long as or longer than the perianth-segments. 



Yellow. — Porianth iind trumpet yellow. 

 White. — Perianth antl trumpet wliite. 

 Bicolor. — Perianth white, trumpet yellow. 



II. iNCOMPArtABiLis. Cup Or crown not less than 

 one-third but le,ss than equal to the length 

 of the perianth-segments. 

 in. Barhii. Cup or crown less than one-third the 



length of the perianth-segments. 

 IV. Leedsii. Perianth white, and cup or crown 

 white, cream or pale citron, sometimes 

 tinged with pink or apricot; embracing dif- 

 ferent dimensions. 

 V. Triandrus Hybrids. 



VI. Cyclamineus Hybrids. '-' 



VII. Jonqdilla Hybrids. 

 VIII. Tazetta and Tazetta Hybrids. 



Foetaz. — Hybrids between Poeticus and Polyanthua sorts. 



IX. Poeticus Varieties. 

 X. Double Varieties. 



XI. Various. To include V. Bulbocodiurn, N. cycla- 

 mineus, N.lriandrus, N.juncifolius, N. Jon- 

 quilla, N. Tazetta (sp.), N. viridiflorus, etc. 



In the present account, it is desired to keep the type- 

 species in view, and therefore a botanical classificaticjn 

 is followed. In this systematic treatment, use h;is been 

 made of Bourne's "Book of the Daffodil," although it is 

 founded on Baker's "Handbook of the Amaryllidea-." 

 A "Key to the Daffodils" by Wilhelm Miller and Leon- 

 ard Barron in Kirby's "Daffodils, Narcissus and How to 

 Grow Them," New York, 1907, arranges the species 

 and the main garden races. In this systematic account, 

 only the main types or well-recognized races are 

 described; other forms will be found in the supplemen- 

 tary li.st at the end of the article. 



Into the second or medium-crowned group may be 

 placed a number of good and jioptilar horticultural 

 strains which are actually or presumably hybrids 

 between long-crowns (or trumpets) and short-crowns. 

 Very likely N . inci»n])arabili.s- and A', odorus are them- 

 selves hybrid series. Forms of N. triandrus might very 

 well be elas.sed with the long-crowns. The other gar- 

 den .series in this grou]) are tmdoubtedly of hybrid 

 origin, as: N. Barrii (Fig. 244t)) had yielded about 

 fifty named fonns when Baker wrote in 1888. It is 

 one-flowered: jjcrianth-segments spreading, somewhat 

 imbricated, to 1 }4 inches long, sulfur-yellow, twice or 

 more tlie length of the crown, the latter somewhat 

 expanded, yellow and more or less margined with 

 darker yellow or red. N. Leedsii is one-flowered: 

 flowers slightly drooping, with spreading milk-white 

 .segments twice or more the length of cup-sh,aped 

 . very pale yellow crown, which usually changes to white. 

 Other group-series, ;i,s N. Humei, N. tridymus, N. 

 Backhouaei, will be found in the supplementary list 

 (page 2113). 



