2200 NOlM'll AMKRK'AN SrATES 



NORTH AMKHK'AN STATES 



Sliitislics (Thirttiiilh Cinsi/.s). 



Iho ai>pix>xiiii:il<- lain! aiva of Idaho is 53,;i4t),rrt>0 acres, 

 which inchidcs :i'J,tilO acivs in YcUowstono Natioiuil 

 I'ark. 0( tJic total laiul area, ,">,-JS:{,(iO-t acres or O.i) per 

 (X'lit is in fanns, of whicli ;)2.l) per cent or 'J,77S,71tl acres 

 :in> inipn)vtxl; 5S4,o,')l> acres are in wooiilanil; and 

 1,>.)J0,;>IVS acres arc classifii^i ius other iiniinpri)vetl land 

 in f:irins. There iire in the state 3l),.S07 fanns, the 

 averajtc :uTC!me of which is 171.5 lu-res. [The total 

 ari-a is S3,SSS siiiiare miles.] 



'riie leadnin aj;ricnltinal crops arc cereals, hay and 

 forage, sufjar crops, and forest products o( the farm. 

 The cereals in I'.KIO occvipied S47,1I>S acres ;us compared 

 with :{tiit,7!<S acres in ISOi). This showeii an increas(? 

 in acreage of r.Ji).l per cent, for the period. The \alu(> 

 of the cereals in I'.M);) was .51li,()2l'),l'>7ll or 4ti.4 per cent 

 of the total value of all crops. Hay and forage increased 

 in acreage 42.7 i)er cent for the same period, the acreage 

 being .")i:5,(>,5t) in ISit!) and 7a_',S,S(i in 191)!). The value 

 of the hay and forage for HID!) w:us .'SlL',l)!)!»,!)t«, or a.^.'i 

 IM>r cent of the total value of all crops. The percentage 

 of improved land ()ccui)ie<l l)y tlie c<'rea!s and hay and 

 forage w;is 30..5 ami 26.4, respectively, in !!)()!). Sugar 

 crops, in UK)!), occu[iied l.'j,t)3() acres ;us compaied with 

 21 acn"S in 1S!)9 and the value of the sugar jiroducts in 

 1009 was $Sir),0()S. The value of the forest iiroduets of 

 the fanns in 1!)09 was .|l,2S0,.5r2, aa compared with 

 $;{l.i,S21 in lSi)9. 



Horticultural crops grown arc fruits and nuts, vege- 

 tables including potatoes, small-fruits, and flowers and 

 plant^s an<l nursery i)roducts. The value of (he fruits 

 and nut.s produced in 1909 was $SS2,.')26, as compared 

 with §371,273 in IS!)!). Small-fruits increased in acre- 

 age from 957 in 1S9!) to 1,(173 in 1909, when the value of 

 their products was S2()l,.')25. Vegetables lead in value 

 of the horticultural crops grown in Idaho. In 1909 the 

 total acreage of potatoes and all other vegetables 

 w:is 3S,371 and their value $2,.591,199. Flowers and 

 plants and mirsery products increased in acreage from 

 120 in 1899 to 548 in 1909, when their vahie was 

 $186,548. 



The total (luantitv of orchanl-fniits produced in 1909 

 was 924,223 bushels, valued at $8(i3,51(). Apples con- 

 tributed more than two-thirds of this quantity; plums 

 and prunes most of the remainder. In 1910, there were 

 in Idaho 1,005,(508 apple trees of bearing age and 1,539,- 

 890 apple trees not of bearing age. The jiroduction in 

 1!)09 was 659,95!) bushels, valued at $610,.504. Plum 

 and prime trees of bearing age in 1910 numbered 302,- 

 8.55; those not of bearing age, 98,017. The production 

 in UKK) was 179,027 bushels, valued at $1.32,804. 

 Peaches and nectarines are of interest for while the 

 number of trees of bearing age numbered oidy 73,080 

 in 1910, those not of bearing age numbered 2r2,!)95. 

 The production in 190!) was 18,734 Imshels, valued at 

 $28,149. In 1!»09 the [iroduction of pears was 42,049 

 bushels, valued at, .?48,045; that of cherries 22,009 

 bu.shcLs, valued at 841, 76(); and that of apricots 1,108 

 bushels, valued at S2,()34. The [)roduction of quinces 

 and mulberries w:is of httle importance. 



The grape-vines of bearing age in 1!)10 numbered 

 08,209; those not of bearing age, 124,800. Tlie produc- 

 tion in 1909 was (J04,227 pounds, valued at $18,814. 



Nuts are of little or no iin[)ortan(^e in Idaho. The nut 

 trees of all varieties in 1!)10 of bearing age numbered 

 only 1,379 and thos(; not of bearing age, 3,495. The 

 pro«luction in 1909 was 3,328 pounds, valued at $1!)6. 



Strawberries are by far the most important of the 

 Bmall-fniits rais<;d in Idaho, with ras[)berries and logan- 

 berries ranking next. The acreage f]f strawberries 

 iiuroam^l from 239 in 18!)!) to 098 in 19()!», when the 

 prtxiuetion was 953,723 quarts, valued at .$!)2,904; the 

 a^Teage of raspberri(« and loganberries was 496 in 1909 

 and the prwiuction was 575,209 quarts, valued at 

 $•59,854. Other small-fruits produced were: 249,984 

 quarts of blackberries and dewberries, valued at 



$24,088; 101,2.30 (pi.^rls of currants, valued at -1513,700; 

 and 13(),!)87 <iu:uls of gooseberries, valued at $10,317. 



Of the vegetables, the potato was by far the most 

 important. The acreage increased from !),313 in 1899 

 to 28,.3tl in l!)l)!), an increase of 204.3 per (vnt. The 

 value of the 4,710,202 bushels produced in 1!)()!) was 

 $1,. 583, 447. The most important of the other vegetables 

 grown in l!10!t wi're: 28!) acres of cabbage, valued at 

 $43,517; 213 acres of cantaloupes and muskmelons, 

 valued at $15,407; 105 acres of watermelons, valued at 

 $15,011); 85 acres of onions, valued at .$17,005; and 42 

 acres of tomatoes, v.alued $8,840. In 1912, beans were 

 valued at .$210,000 and peas at .$725,000. There were 

 also grown iti smaller (|uantities, carrots, celery, sweet 

 corn, cucumbers, and turnips. 



The acreage devotcfl to flowers and plants increased 

 from 5 in 18!)!) to 18 in 1!)1)9. The area covered by glass 

 was .59,477 .s(iuare feet, of which .58,727 were covered 

 by greenhouses and 7.50 by sashes and frames. The 

 value of the flowers and jilants ])r()duceil in 1909 was 

 $43,314, as compared with .$2,805 in 1899. 



The growing of mu-sery products was of more im- 

 portance than the growing of flowers and plants. The 

 acreage occupied by nursery estabUshments increased 

 from 115 in 18!)!» to 530 in 1909, an increase of 360.9 

 per cent. The value of the nurserv products in 1909 was 

 $143,234, as compared with $38,431, the value in 1899. 



C. C. Vincent 



Wyoming. 



The agricultural land in Wyoming (Fig. 2.520) is at 

 a higher average altitude than that in any other state. 

 Broadly speaking, the range is from about 3,500 feet to 

 twice that height. In a few protected valleys a limited 

 agriculture is practised at even greater elevations, but 

 most of the recognized districts lie below 6,000 feet. 

 Taking the state as a whole, more than one-half the 

 total area is above 0,000 feet. This includes" the high 

 mountain ranges which, as a rule, are forest-covered 

 and inclu<led in the National Reservations. The con- 

 servation jjolicy has nowhere been better exemplified 

 than in Wyoming, where its beneficent results are seen 

 not only in the husbanding of the timber resources, but 

 also and more particularly in the equalized water-flow 

 in the streams, and the larger, safer and more equitable 

 use of the forests ixs grazing-lands. Perennial streams 

 flow in every direction from the mountains and furnish 

 enough water for the irrigation of very extensive tracts. 

 In the course of time, when jirovision shall have been 

 made for the impoimding of all of the flood-waters, the 

 areas thus reclaimed will be much greater than at 

 present. It has been estimated that there is a sufficient 

 water-supply to reclaim about 12,000,000 acres, only 

 about one-fourth of wliich is now under canals. 



Wyoming extends some 355 miles from e;ist to west, 

 and 270 from north to south, embracing something more 

 than 97,000 square miles. It lies in the very heart of 

 the Rocky Mountains, three great river .systems, the 

 Missouri, the (Columbia, and the Colorado arising within 

 its boundaries. As would be expected, there is great 

 diversity of climate, .soil and vegetation (indigenous and 

 introduced). There are protected valleys, bench-lands, 

 and fertile foothills; .semi-arid plains, bleak plateaus, 

 and saline deserts; forested slopes and snow-cajiped 

 mountains. These are further diversified by marsh- 

 lands in the valleys and occjisional alkali ponds on the 

 plains, and splendid fre.sh-water lakes in the mountains, 

 thus preventing even a semblance of monotony in the 

 gcograpliical configuration. A physical etivironment so 

 cf)mi)licated readily accounts for the fact that 

 Wyoming's native flora is far richer in the number of 

 species than any of the other states, except possibly 

 two or three of the other and larger mountainous ones, 

 notably California and C'olorado. The mean annual 

 temperature varies from less than 40°F. to about 50°. 



