NORTH AMERICAN STATES 



NORTH AMERICAN STATES 2279 



is the great summer pear, follower! closely by Flemish 

 Beauty. For fall and winter, Anjou, Clairgeau, Easter 

 and Winter Nelis are largely gro\m. 



In peach-jirowing, the Yakima Valley ranks first, 

 with ^^'cnatchee \'a!ley second, and Clarkston third. 



In the growing of grapes, the lower Yakima \'alley 

 and the Columbia Hirer Valley in the central part of 

 the state are taking the lead, with the Clarkston dis- 

 trict a close second. 



Sweet cherries grow to great perfection in all parts 

 of the state, but especially so in the Puget Sound 

 region and in the warm valleys of the east side. The 

 sour varieties also grow and yield abundantly. Sweet 

 cherries attain their greatest perfection in the warm 

 valleys at an altitude not much above 1,000 feet. Sour 

 varieties do best on the high lands, at an altitude of 

 about 2,000 feet. Cherries have been found to be 

 profitable, yet few new plantations are being set. The 



, APPLES -P£ACHCLS 

 ° BERRIES - CRAPES 

 7 APPL £S - PEA CHES 



1 SMALL FRUIT a APPLES 



2 PRUNES - BERRIES 9 APPLES- BERRIES 

 J PEARS -BERRIES I O APPLES- PEACHES - CRAPES 



4 ** - ** it APPLES-TRUCK CROP 



5 APPLES-PEACHES - PEARS 12 APPLES - BERRIES 



02 40 ^0 &O I9O 

 STatutc micej 



2S32. Washington, with distribution of horticultural crops. 



reason for this is probably to be found in the labor 

 market, it being almost impossible to get the necessary 

 help to care for a large crop of cherries. 



The greatest berry-growing section is in Thurston 

 and King counties, Sumner and Puyallup being the 

 centers. Bellingham, in Whatcom County, is the 

 center of the berrj- and smaU-fruit district. Kennewick 

 is the largest strawberrj' section east of the Cascade 

 Mountains. Cranberry-growing is a new and rapidly 

 developing industry in Pacific, Thurston, and Chehalis 

 counties. 



In the production of vegetables and truck crops the 

 Walla Walla district ranks first, with Thurston and 

 King counti<^s second. 



The vegetables that do well in cool weather are 

 especially adaptable to wide planting in Washington 

 and reach a very high measure of perfection. Lettuce, 

 peas, onions, cabbage, cauliflower, kohlrabi, spinach, 

 asparagus, and rhubarl_) do especially well. The warm- 

 weather plants, such as tomatoes and sweet potatoes, 

 are grown to the greatest perfection only in the lower 

 altitudes. District above l,oOO to 1,000 feet are seldom 

 able to mature tomatoes satisfactorily. The plant 

 grows well and produces enormous crops of fruit in 

 practically all sections of the state, but onlj' the lower 

 sections have sufficient length of growing season to 



make the crop profitable. Beans are grown in eastern 

 Washington in great quantity. In the irrigated sections, 

 this crop has not proved its capacity to adapt itself to 

 the peculiar soil conditions existing. Celery can be 

 grown in almost all sections of the state where the rain- 

 fall or water-supply is sufficient. There is a great deal 

 of land in western Washington especially adaptable to 

 this plant. Root crops, such as radishes, turnips, 

 rutabagas, beets, carrots, and parsnips, do especially 

 well. The plants of the crucifer family are very gener- 

 ally attacked by maggots and are difficult to grow to the 

 highest degree of perfection unless planted extremely 

 early or grown as an extremely late crop. 



Seed-growing is a very important industry in Sno- 

 homish and Spokane counties. Large quantities of 

 vegetable seed are grown in other districts also. The 

 seeds grown in greatest quantity are garden and field 

 peas, cabbage, cauliflower, beets, and tumijis. Experi- 

 mental work in bulb -growing is 

 being conducted at Bellingham and 

 promises to be the foundation for a 

 large bulb industry. 



Great progress is being made in 

 Washington in the establishment of 

 fruit-product plants. There are sev- 

 eral canning factories being very 

 successfully conducted. Several of 

 these are on cooperative basis. 

 They do a regular canning business 

 in fruits and vegetables and find 

 especially profitable the making of 

 strawberry mash and the canning of 

 cherries, pears, and tomatoes. There 

 are several vinegar factories in the 

 state that use only the cheap or 

 culled grades of fruit. There is one 

 commercial plant manufacturing 

 the unfermented fruit juice, paying 

 especial attention to grape juice. 



The flowering plants ordinarily 

 grown in gardens for commercial 

 purposes do especially well in Wash- 

 ington. The rose probably does no 

 better in any state in the Union 

 than in Washington. Rose shows 

 are very popular in the larger cities 

 of the state. Sweet peas also reach 

 a very high degree of perfection. 

 Flower-culture, including the more 

 conunon kinds for the home-garden, 

 is receiving a great impetus, as it has been neglected 

 greatly in the past. Commercial florists' work is 

 developing rapidly. The most common plants handled 

 are the carnations, roses, chrysanthemums, ferns, and 

 foliage plants. The city trade is usually supplied by the 

 local houses. A great deal of attention is being given 

 now to the production of bedding and border plant 

 materials. Greenhouse establishments are increasingly 

 popular for the production of flowers, but very little 

 is done along the line of forcing winter vegetables. 

 Transportation rates from the southern part of Cali- 

 fornia are such as to prevent profitable vegetable- 

 forcing work. The lowland valley districts are capable 

 of producing croj^s of lettuce as late as the latter part 

 of November and also of placing the spring crops on 

 the market from the out-of-door beds as early as March. 

 The nursery business has been well developed in this 

 state, but has fallen off greatly in the last three years. 

 At present the nurseries are developing good stocks of 

 ornamental plants and trade is rapidly increasing. 



The most common pests to the general horticultural 

 crops are codling-moth, bud-moth, apple- and peach- 

 tree borers, San .Jos6 scale and the various forms of 

 aphis. There are many other insects making trouble 

 in small locahties. Of the plant diseases, pear blight, 

 apple-scab, apple powih^ry mildew, authracnose, or 



