82 



KEY TO THE FAMILIES AND GENERA 



Anomalous Families. I)i:«k 0; .sepals niul 

 petals c>: -■.uuiions 10; carpels 5-10, disiinol: 

 ox'ule M.>Inar>", )hmu1uIous; raphe awnj' 

 from axis. Approa»'lies TluilHiuitlorto (»S. Coriahiace^. 



Oisk invosHiYK calyx-tubr: stamens 10, 

 of which 5 have uo aniliers: ovary l-celled, 

 with i{-p,inetal phicenta*; ovules <^. Ap- 

 ;>roachei'Calyciflonr 09. Morinoace.b. 



Series S. CALYOiri.oR.E. Petals iu 1 scries: stamens co or 

 definite, inserted with the petals and sepals on the eilKe"of the cup- 

 ehajHil reci'ptacle thypanthium), or on a disk lining the latter; 

 ovarj* often adnate to this receptacle; aud therefore inferior. (See 

 also Calycanthaceae.) 



Cohort 1. RosALES. Carpels superior solitary or free or united 

 only at ba^^e. sometimes to the aix'x and then rarely inferior: styles 

 distinct, rarely unittnl in a column and easily separated (styles 

 connate in some Bruniacese and Saxifragacese). (See also Tropseo- 

 Uces and Capparidacece. ) 



A. Endosperm rare. 



B. Fr. a legume, when rarely otherwise 

 the corolla is cither papilionaceous 

 or the stamens are very numerous 

 and exserted : I vs. usually com- 

 pound with pulvini 70. Leqdmin08e.b. 



BB. Fr. not a legume, either a follicle, 

 drupe, pome, achene or aggregate: 

 Ivs. simple or compound without 



pulvini 71. Ro8ace.e. 



AA. Endo.*iperm moderate or copious. 

 B. Plants insectivorous. 



C. Lvs. bearing many tentacles tipped 

 with capitate viscid glands: 



herbs 76. Droserace-e. 



cc. Lvs. bearing pitchers 74. Cephalotac££. 



BB. Plants not insectivorous. 



c. Carpels -j, rarely 3 or more, sepa- 

 rate, with a scale at the base of 

 each, superior: ovules many: 



often fleshy plants: herbs 75. Cra8SULace.e. 



cc. Carpels 2 to several, rarely sepa- 

 rate, no scale at the base: plants 

 not conspicuously fleshy. 

 D. Ovary usually 2-celled, usually 

 superior; ovules oo, usually 

 axile: fr. a caps, or berry or 

 follicle. 



E. Lvs. opposite, stipulate 73. Cunoniace.b. 



EE. Lvs. alternate, or opposite and 



exstipulate 72. Saxifraoace.g, 



DD. Ovary 2-celIed, Inferior or 

 rarely superior; ovules 1-co, 

 pendulous or axile: fr. a woody 

 2-valved caps., with a sepa- 

 rating inner layer of different 



texture 77. Hamameudace^. 



DDD. Ovary 1-4-eelIed, usually infe- 

 rior; o\'ules 1 to several, pendu- 

 lous: fr. indehiscent or cocci 

 irregularly and tardily dehis- 

 cent. 

 E. Plants heath-like: stamens 



and petals 5 78. Brcniace.e. 



ee. Plants ordinary: stamens 



often many 79. Halohagidace.e. 



Cohort 2. Myrtales. Ovary syncarpous, inferior or inclosed 

 in a cup-shaped receptacle, usually divided into cells; style undi- 

 vided; ovules 2~<» in the cells. 



A. Ovules pendulous from apex of cells: 

 woody. 



B. Ovary 2-<i-oelIcd 80. Rhizophorace«. 



BB. Ovary 1-celled 8L Combretace.e. 



AA. Ovules affixed to the inner angles of the 

 celbt or to ba^iilar plaoentse, ascending, 

 horizontal or pendulous. 

 B. Stamens co, rarely definite: woody, 

 c. Oil-glands in foliage; sieve-tubea 



in pith-rays 82. Myrtace-e. 



cc. Oil-glands absent; no sieve-tubes 



in pith-rays 83. Lecttbidacea. 



BB. Stamens definite, rarely od. 



c, Calyx-lobcH usually imbricate or 

 open; anthers curved, u.'iually 

 opening by pores at the apex; 

 connective usually appendaged 



or thickened 84. MelastomacejE. 



cc. Calyx-lo^>eH usually valvate; 

 anthers normal, not appendaged, 

 opfrning longitudinally. 

 D. Ovary hujxrrior; petaLs corru- 

 gated 85. Lythrace*:. 



DD. Ovary inferior or half-inferior. 

 E. Carpels in stories, superim- 

 posed : [>etals corrugated. . ..86. Punicace-e. 

 EE. Carpels in 1 whorl: petals 



convolute 87. 0.vaorace.«!. 



eee. Carpels in 1 whorl: petals 

 imbricate; a dentate or 

 wavy cup-shapi'd iii.sk under 

 ovary: waler-plants 88. Trapace^b. 



Cohort 3. Passiflohalks. Ovary .syncarpous, inferior, semi- 

 inferior, or incluseil in the hollow receptacle, rarely exserted, 1- 

 celkni with parictiil phu'cniation, or divided into cells; ovules l-oo ; 

 styles united or distinct from the base. 



A. Crown inserted on calyx-tube or within 



petals, single, double or multiple 90. PASaiPLORACEiB. 



AA. Crown 0. 



B. Fls. bisexual (sec Caricaceffi); petals 

 uiilike the sepals : foliage-hairs 

 stinging or rigid or queerly con- 

 structed 89. L0ASACE.E. 



BB. Fls. unisexual. 



c. Stamens 5 or 10: perianth of the 



2 sexes unlike 91. Caricace.e. 



cc. Stamens usually 3: perianth of 



both sexes similar 92. Cccurbitace.g. 



ccc. Stamens co : perianth of the 2 sexes 



often unlike 93. Beqoniace^. 



Cohort 4. FicoiDALEs. Ovary syncarpous, inferior or superior, 



divided into cells with sub-basilar placentation, or rarely 1-celled 

 with parietal placenta;; ovules 1-co; styles distinct or united to 

 near apex ; embryo curved or excentric. 



A. Calyx-lobe.s, petals and stamens usually 



CD : ovary 1-celled 94. Cactace^. 



A A. Calyx-lobes usually 4-5: ovary 2-cd- 



colled 95. AizOACE^. 



Cohort 5. Umbellales. Ovary syncarpous, inferior, crowned 

 by the tlisk, divided into cells, or l-carpelled; styles distinct or 

 united part way; ovules solitary and pendulous in the cells. 



A. Fr. separating into 2 dry indehiscent 



carpels 96. Umbellifer-e. 



A.t. Fr. usually drupaceous, the stones dis- 

 tinct but not separating naturally. 

 B. Lvs. compound, or simple, and pal- 



mately veined 97. Arauace^. 



BB. Lvs. simple, pinnately veined. 



c. Ovules 2 in each cell: ovary 1- 

 ctlled: raphe toward axis: fls. in 



catkins: lvs. opposite 98. GARRYACEiB. 



cc. Ovule 1 in each cell. 



D. Raphe toward axis: ovary 1- 

 celled: fls. in heads: lvs. 



alternate 99. NYSSACEa:. 



DD. Raphe lateral: ovary 1-2-celled; 



fls. in cymes: lvs. alternate. . . .100. Alangiace.e. 

 DDD. Raphe exterior: ovary 1-5- 

 celled: fls. in heads or cymes: 

 lvs. opposite or alternate 101. Cornace^. 



Subclass 2. Gamopetal^. Calyx and corolla both present, 

 the petals usually more or less united: stipules present only in the 

 Rubiaceie and LoganiaceEe, rarely in ihe Caprifoliacete: corolla 

 polypetalous in some Ericaceffi, in Monotropacete, PyrolaceEe, Cleth- 

 raceae, some Styracacete and Oleacete; also in Galax, Statice, 

 Lysimachia; corolla gamopetalous in some Fouquieriacese, Stack- 

 housiaceae, Leguminosffi, Fumariaceae, Polygalaceffi, and Oxali- 

 dacese of the Polypetalae. 



Series 1. Infer.e. Ovary inferior (see EricaceEe): stamens as 

 many as lobes of the corolla, rarely fewer. 



Cohort 1. RuBiALES. Stamens affixed to the corolla: ovary 

 2-co-celled; cells 1-co-ovuled: Ivs. opposite or whorled. 



A. Fls. regular or irregular: stipules 



usually absent 102. Caprifoliace.e. 



A A. Fls. regular; stipules present, inter- 

 or intrapetiolar, various in form, 

 sometimes like the lvs. and disposed 

 in the same whorl with them 103. Rcbi ace.e. 



Cohort 2. Asterales. Stamens affixed to corolla: ovary of the 

 2-nierous pistil 1-celled, 1-ovuled. 



A. Anthers free: lvs. opposite or whorled. 



B. Endosperm 104. Valerianace.e. 



BB. Endosperm present 105. DipbacacEjE. 



AA. Anthers united in a ring around the 

 style except in a few genera: lvs. 

 alternate or opposite 106. Composit-e. 



Cohort 3. Campanales. Stamens u.sually free from the corolla: 

 ovary 2-6-celled ; the cells usually co-ovuled: lvs. usually alternate. 



107. Campanui-ace.e. 

 (Incl. LobeliaccfB.) 



Series 2. Heteromer.e. Ovary usually superior: stamens free 

 from the corolla, or opposite the lobes or twice as many, or od, or, 

 if borne on the corollan, the alternate with its lobes and equal in 

 number to them; carpels more than 2. 



