KEY TO THE FAMILIES AND GENERA 



85 



EE. Placentje intruding lamella- 

 like, and peltate 188. Vellosiace*. 



BB. Stamens I or 5 perfect, the other 5 

 or 1. variously changed into 

 antherless staminodia; fls. irregu- 

 lar: embryo in a central canal of 

 endosperm, straight, incurved, or 

 horseshoe-shaped. 



c. Fertile stamens 5 189. Musace^, 



cc. Fertile stamen 1. 



D. Staminodiurn 1, often traces of 

 more ; a ligule at top of 



petiole: anther 2-celled 190. Zingiberace^. 



DD. Staminodia 5; no ligule; anther 

 1-eelled, 

 E. Ovary-cells 1-seeded: a joint 



at summit of -petiole 191. MARANTACEiE. 



EE. Ovary-cells co-seeded: nojoint. 192. Cannace-b, 

 BBB. Stamens regular or nearly so: peri- 

 anth regular: embryo in a small 

 marginal cave or pit of endosperm, 

 rarely much intruded, never 

 wholly included. 

 C. Kndosperm mealy: perianth calyx- 

 like outside; stamens 6: Ivs. 



rigid 193. BromeliacevE. 



cc. Endosperm fleshy; perianth 

 corolla-hke or woolly outside; 

 stamens sometimes G and equal, 

 .'■ometimes 1-3 and slightly dis- 

 similar, or 3 opposite the inner 

 Iobe3. 

 (HsemodoracesB, mostly iacl. in LiliaccEe and Araaryllidacese. ) 



Series 3. Coronarie-e, Perianth corolla-like, at least inside: 

 ovary free, rarely shortly adnate at the base: endosperm copious. 



a. Embryo minute or more or less elon- 

 gated, included in fleshy or horny 

 endosperm: perianth regular: sta- 

 mens (i: ovary usually 3-eelled 194. Liliace.e. 



aa. Embryo straight, in a central canal of 

 mealy endosperm : perianth regular or 

 irregular, from a spat he; stamens 3 



or 6: ovary 1- or 3-celled 195. Pontederiace.e. 



AAA. Embryo marginal, lying in mealy en- 

 dosperm and under a little callosity 

 of the seed-coat: perianth regular or 

 shghtly irregular, of 3 herbaceous 

 sepals and 3 deliquescent colored 

 petalr^: some stamens usually sterile 

 and altered; stamen-hairs conspicu- 

 ous 196. C0MMELINACE.E. 



Series 4. Calycine^. Perianth calyx-like, small, somewhat 

 rigid or glumaceous, or rarely herbaceous: ovary free; endosperm 

 copious. 



A. Fr. a 3-valved, many-seeded caps.; 

 embryo included in more or less 

 fleshy endosperm: plant grass-Uke.. . .197. Juncace.e. 

 AA. Fr. berry- or drupe-like, 1-seeded, 

 rarely 2-3-seeded; embryo immersed 

 in a small pit near the periphery of 

 the endosperm: palm-like plants 198. Palmace.e. 



Series 5. Nudiflor^. Perianth 0. or reduced to scales or bris- 

 tles: ovary superior; carpels solitary or, if more, syncarpous, 1-co- 

 ovuled; seeds usually with endosperm. 



A. Plants minute, thalloid, 1-3 lines wide, 

 aquatic: fls. solitary or in pairs from 



marginal fissures 199. Lemnace^. 



AA. Plants larger: fls. on .spadices. 



B. Fls. dioecioas; perianth 0; carpels 

 usually confluent in clusters; 

 spadices clustered or panicled: 



stifT plants 200. Pandanace^. 



BB. Fls. dicecious, or moncecious in differ- 

 ent spadices; perianth 0, or the 

 short segms. distinct or connate; 



spadices soHtary: stiff plants 201. Cyclanthace.e. 



BBB. Fls. moncecious in different spadices, 

 rarely dicecious; perianth reduced 

 to membranous scales or thread- 

 like chaff; spadices rarely solitary: 



reed-like marsh plants 202. Typbace-e. 



BBBB. Fls. bisexual, or moncecious in same 

 spadix, rarely dioecious; perianth 0, 

 or of 4 membranous or fleshy im- 

 bricate scales; spadices solitary; 

 herbaceousor fleshy plants 203. Arace.e. 



Series 6. Apocarp^, Perianth in 1-2 series, or 0: ovary supe- 

 rior; carpels solitary, or, if more, distinct; seeds without endosperm. 



A. Embryo complicate or horseshoe- 

 shaped : perianth-segms. 6, in 2 series, 

 the inner petatoid. 

 B. Ovules 1, rarely 2-5. basal 204. Au8Mace.£. 



Lvcopodiace^. 

 Selaginellace^. 



Eqcisetace^e. 



BB. Ovules numerous, borne between the 



margins and inidrih of the carpel.. ..205. Butomace.b. 

 AA. Embryo curved : jH-rianth of 4 her- 

 baceous segms., or 0: ovule solitary. . .206. NaI ADAGE.*}. 

 AAA. Embryo straight: perianth of several 



petaloid parts: ovules 2-6 207. Aponogetona- 



IcE^. 



Series 7. Glumace.e. Fls. disposed in spikes or spikelets which 

 are variously arranged; bracts of the spikelet scale-like (glumes), 

 usually imbricate; perianth-segms. small, scale-like, bristle-like, 

 or 0; ovary l-celled, 1-ovuled: seeds with endosperm. 



A. Fr. an achene; seed free from the peri- 

 carp; palets and lodiculesO 208. Cyperace^. 



AA. Fr. a caryopsis; seed usually adherent 

 to pericarp; palets and lodicules 

 present 209. Gramine.^, 



Other families, of which plants are more or less in cultivation 

 and described in this Cyclopedia, are: Adoxaceae (Adoxa), Basel- 

 lacese (Anredera) , CandoHeacese (Candollea) , Caryocaraceae 

 (CaryocarJ , Datiscaceae (Dati.sca) , Frankeniacea* (Frankenia) , 

 Goodeniacere (Goodonia, Scaevola), Incacinacete (Pyrenacantha), 

 Orobanchaceir (Aphyllon), Restiacea^ (Restio), Turneracea? (Tur- 

 nera), Vochysiaceie (V'ochysia). 



Division 2. Pteridophyta. Bearing spores instead of seeds, 

 but with a usually separate more insignificant stage which bears 

 sexual organs. Ferns, lycopods, horsetails and the like. 



A. Plants like large moss-plants, with 

 scale- or needle-like Ivs. 



B. Spores all alike, minute 210. 



BB. Spores of two kinds, larger (mega- 

 spores) and smaller (microspores). 211. 

 AA. Plants consisting mainly of slender- 

 jointed herbaceous 8t.s. with whorls 

 of scale-like appressed Ivs. at the 



joints 212. 



AAA. Plants true ferns, with usually ex- 

 panded Ivs. (AzoUa, a moss-Hke 

 water-plant is exceptional. ) (Fih- 

 cales. ) 

 B. Ferns epiphytic or terrestrial (one 

 Ceratopteris partly aquatic) : 

 spores uniform, minute. 

 c. Sporangia with thick walls, aris- 

 ing from tissues beneath the 

 epidermis. 

 D. The sporangia in spikes or 



panicles 213. 



DD. The sporangia in round or oval 

 sori on under surface of ordi- 

 nary If 214. 



cc. Sporangia walls only 1 cell thick, 

 derived from epidermis. 

 D. Small membranous ferns: spor- 

 angia borne on thread-like pro- 

 jections along margin of Ivs... 215. 

 DD. Usually larger, thicker-Ivd. ferns: 

 sporangia not on thread-hke 

 projections. 

 E. Plants terrestrial. 



F. Ring of sporangia obsolete; 



sporangia in panicles 21G. 



FF. Ring of sporangia apical; 



sporangia ovate, ses.sile... .217. 

 BTF. Ring of sporangia vertical. 

 G. The sporangia mostly 

 long-stalked : Ivs. pin- 

 nate or palmate. 21$. 



QG, The sporangia mostly ses- 

 sile or very short- 

 stalked. 

 H. Sporangia in sori of 

 2-8, radiating in a 

 single plane; If.- 

 branching often di- 

 chotomous: growth 



indeterminate 219. 



HH. Sporangia numerous 

 in the globose sori: 

 mostly arborescent.. . 220. 

 EE. Plants aquatic, with floating 

 sterile Ivs. and pod-like 

 sporophylls: sporangia ses- 

 sile with broad ring or 221. 



BB. Ferns, aquatic, unfcrn-like in appear- 

 ance ; spores of 2 sorts, — large 

 macrosporea and minute micro- 

 spores. 

 c. Plants floating: Iva. simple, folded: 

 microspores and macro.spores in 



separate sporocarps 222. 



cc. Plants rooting in mud: Ivs. quadri- 

 foliate, cloverlikc : microspores 

 and macrospores in the same 

 aporocarp 223 



Ophioglossace^, 

 Marattiace^. 



Htmenophyll- 



[A.CEM, 



OSMUNDACE.E. 

 SCHIZ-EACE.E. 



POLYPODIACE.«. 



Gleicheniace.e, 

 Cyatheace.e. 



Ceratopteri- 



(dace>e. 



Salviniace-e. 



Marsileacejb. 



