344 



AUALIA 



ARALIA 



lev are ^ : '": v-^C^^:::^-JW1:;%&:a-^:^ 





■s?w-- 



alternate, deciduous, pinnate to 8-pinnate: fls. small, 

 whitish, in umbels usually formint!; panieles; pedicels 

 articulate: calyx-lobes niiiuile; petals imbricate in bud; 

 stiuuens o: ovary 5-, rarely 2-celleti, with the .styles free 

 oriMunate only at the ba.se: fr. a berry-like drupe with 

 2-5 compresseil stones. — -.Vbout 2(1 species in N. Amer., 

 .\sia, Malay .\rchipelaso and .Vustral. 



The arali;is are larjje herbs, shrubs or small trees, often 

 spinv, with large decompoiuid foliage, small whitish 

 flowers in umbels forming large terminal panicles and 

 followed by small usually blaek berry-like fruits. 



The species are hardy or nearly hardy Xorth. They 

 prefer rich or heavy soil.' They areoften planted a-ssiugle 

 specimens on the lawn for the bold subtropical effect of 

 their foliage. Propagation is by seeds sown in 

 spring, which do best with slight bottom-heat, 

 or bv root -cut tings, aK-^o with bottom-heat. 



There are also a number of tender shrubby 

 plants cultivated as or- 

 namental greenhouse or 

 stove plants, which have 

 been proWsionally re- 

 ferred to the genus 

 .\ralia, as their flowers 

 and fruits are not yet 

 known; therefore it has 

 not been possible 

 termine their true 

 tanical affinity 

 present work they are 

 referred to other genera. 

 They should be looked 

 for under Polyscias, 

 Pseudopanax, Schefflera, 

 Oreopanax, Panax, Sci- 

 ndophyHum, Dizygo- 

 Iheca. Other related 

 genera, perhaps not 

 including .any horti- 

 culturally important r • '- 

 forms, are Heptapleu- 

 rum and Monopanax. 



A. Prickly shrubs or rarely 

 low trees: Ivs. bipinnate, 

 3-3 ft. long: umbels 

 numerous, in a large, 

 broad, compound pani- 

 cle: styles distinct. 

 spindsa, I.inn. Angelica 

 Tree. Hercules' Club. 

 Devil's Walking-stick. 

 Sts, verv prickly, 40 ft. 

 high: Ivs'. 1)4-2 J^ ft. long, 

 usually prickly above; Ifts. 

 ovate, serrate, 2-3)^ in. 

 long, glaucous and nearly 

 glabrous beneath, mostly 

 distinctly petioled; veins curving upward before the 

 margin. Aug. .Southern states north to Tenn. S.S. 

 .5:211. Gn. .50, p. 120. — The stout, armed sts., the 

 large Ivs., and the enormous clusters of fls. give this 

 species a very distinct subtropical appearance. Not 

 quite hardy X. Bark posses-ses medicinal properties. 



chinensis, Linn. {A. japdnica, Hort. A. mand- 

 ghurica, Ilorf. THm/rrplidntlnt.'i elalus, Miq. A. spindsa 

 var. rnneiicens, Franch. & Savat.). Chinese Angelica 

 Tree. Fig. 299. Sts. less priokly, 40 ft.: Ivs. 2-4 ft. 

 long, usually without prickles; Ifts. ovate or broad ovate, 

 coarsely .serrate or dentate, usually pubescent beneath, 

 nearly sessile, Zl/^rG in. long; veins dividing before 

 reaching the margin and ending in the points of the 

 twth. Aug.. .Sept. China. .Japan. M.D.G. 1897:461. 

 On. 1, p. .561. G.W. .5:.509. — -In general appearance 

 vf^ry much like the former species, but considerably 

 hardi'-r Grows well al.sfj in somewhat dry, rocky or 



?^. 





■„f 1 . 





u>ti;,> ; 





299. Aralia chinensis. 



clayey soil. Var. glabrescens, Schneid. {A. spindsa 

 var. glabrescens, Fraiu-h. & Savat. ,4. spindsa var. 

 cani'scens, Sarg. A. cancscens, Sieb. & Zucc). Lvs. 

 often prickly above; Ifts. glabrous beneath, except on 

 the veins, dark green above. More tender. Var. mand- 

 sh&rica, Rehd. (Diniorplmnthiis ntamishuricus, Maxim.). 

 St. prickly: Ifts. pubescent only on the veins beneath, 

 more sharplv and dcnselv serrate than the foregoing 

 variety and "hardier. G.C. 11. 10:592; 23:313. Var. 

 variegata, Rehd. {A. japdnica variegala, G.C). Lfts. 

 bordered with white. I. H. 33:609. G.C. III. 31:231. 

 Gn. 63, p. 379. Var. a&reo-variegata, Rehd. (Dimor- 

 phiinlhus mandschuriciis clcganti.^.'iintiix fol. var., Hort.). 

 Lfts. variegated with yellow. 



^ ^, AA. Unarmed fierbs: styles 



'■' "• ■ "' ■ .%. united at the base. 



B. Uinbels numerous, in elon- 

 gated puberulous panicles: 

 3-10 ft. high. 

 racemosa, Linn. Spike- 

 x.^^RD. Height 3-6 ft.: gla- 

 brous, or slightly pubescent: 

 lvs. quinately or ternately 

 decompound ; lfts. cordate, 

 roundish ovate, 

 doubly and sharply 

 serrate, acuminate, 

 usually- glabrous 

 beneath, 2-6 in. 

 long: fls. greenish 

 white. July, Aug. 

 E. X. Amer. west 

 to Minn, and Mo. 

 B.B. 2 :.506.— Root- 

 stock employed 

 'l ' medicinally; prop- 



■Sjii erties similar to 



those of sarsa- 

 parilla. 



califomica, Wats. Height 

 8-10 ft.: resembles the pre- 

 ceding: lfts. cordate, ovate or 

 oblong-ovate, shortly acuminate, simply 

 or doubly serrate: panicle loose; umbels 

 fewer, larger, and with more numerous 

 rays. Calif. M.D.G. 24:343. 



cordata, Thunb. {A. edidis, Sieb. & 

 Zucc). Height 4-8 ft.: lvs. ternately or 

 quinately decompound, pinnie sometimes 

 with 7 lfts.; lfts. cordate or rounded at 

 the base, ovate or oblong-ovate, abruptly 

 acuminate, unequally serrate, pubescent 

 on the veins beneath, 4—8 in. long. Japan. 

 Gt. 13:432 (as A. racemosa var. sachali- 

 nensis). R.H. 1896, p. 55. A.G. 13, pp. 

 6, 7. Young stalks edible: see Udo. 

 cachemirica, Decne. {A. cashmeridna, Hort. A. 

 macropltyllii, Lindl.). Height .5-8 ft.: lvs. quinately 

 compound, pinna often with 5-9 lfts.; lfts. usually 

 rounded at the base, oblong-ovate, doubly serrate, 

 glabrous or bristly on the veins beneath, 4-8 in. long. 

 Himalayas. 



BB. Umbels several or few on slender peduncles; pedicels 

 glabrous: 1-3 ft. high. 

 hispida, Vent. Bristly Sarsaparilla. Wild Elder. 

 Height 1-3 ft., usually with short,, woody st., bristly: 

 lvs. bipinnate; lfts. ovate or oval, rounded or narrowed 

 at the base, acute, sharply and irregularly serrate, 

 1-3 in. long: umbels 3 or more in a loose corymb; fls. 

 white. June, July. From X'ewfoundland to N. C, west 

 to Minn, and Ind. B.M. 1085. L.B.C. 14:1306— Bark 

 diurectic. alterative. 



nudicaillis, Linn. Wild Sarsaparilla. Small 

 Spikenard. Stemless or nearlv so: usuallv 1 If., 1 ft. 





