ARCHONTOPHCENIX 



ARCTOSTAPHYLOS 



385 



Propagation is by seeds, which sprout readily in pans 

 or boxes if placed in a warm moist house. 



A. Lf.-segms. whitish underneath. 



Alexandrae, H. Wendl. & Drude (Ptychosp rma Alex- 

 dndrsp, F. Muell.). Trunk 70-80 ft.; Ivs. several ft. 

 long; rachis very broad and thick, glabrous or slightly 

 scurfy; segms. numerous, the longer ones 1.'2 ft. long, 

 H-1 in. broad, acuminate and entire or slightly notched, 

 green above, ashy glaucous beneath; infl. about 1 ft. 

 long, the fls. greenish yellow; fr. ovoid-globular. 

 Queensland. F.S. 18;1916. — Seldom ripening fr. on 

 plants cult, outdoors in Calif, and rather tender when 

 young 



AA. Lf.-segms. green on both sides. 



Cunninghamii, H. Wendl. & Drude (Ptychosperma 

 Ctinninghamii. H. Wendl. P. etegans, Bliune. Seaforthia 

 elegayis. Hook.). Trunk and general habit like the pre- 

 ceding, but the segms. acuminate and entire or scarcely 

 notched: fls. shell-pink, followed by globular berry-Uke 

 drupes. Queensland and .New S. Wales. B.M. 4961, 

 734.5, the first as Seaforthia elegans, the second as 

 Ptychosperma elegans. — Hardier than the preceding, 

 and fruiting freely in outdoor specimens in Cahf. 



N. TAYLOR.t 



ARCTIUM (from Greek word for bear, probably 

 alluding to the shaggy bur). Compdsitse. Burdock. A 

 few coarse perennials or biennials of Temp. Eu. and 

 Asia, some of them widely distributed as weeds. Invo- 

 lucre globular and large, with hooked bristles, becoming 

 a bur; receptacle densely setose; pappus deciduous, of 

 short serrulate scales; Ivs. alternate, large and soft, 

 whitish beneath; plant not prickly; fls. pinkish or 

 purphsh in summer. 



Lappa, linn. (Lappa major, GaeTtn.). Common Bur- 

 dock. The burdock is a common and despised weed in 

 this countr}-, although it is capable of making an ex- 

 cellent foUage mass and screen. In Japan it is much 

 cult, for its root, which has been greatly thickened and 

 amehorated, affording a popular vegetable. It is there 

 known as gobo (see Georgeson, A. G. 13, p. 210). 

 Roots collected from plants of the first year's growth 

 are used as an alterative in blood and skin diseases. 

 The seeds and fresh Ivs. are used medicinally to a 



limited extent. A.jmnus, 

 Schk., a European weed, 

 widely naturalized in E. 

 N. Amer. is apt to 

 be confused with A. 

 Lappa. N. Taylor, t 



C^.- 





n£> 



363. Arctostapbylos Uva-ursi. 



25 



ARCTOSTAPHYLOS 



(Greek, bear and grape). 

 Ericacese. Manzanita. 

 Ornamental shrubs 

 grown for their evei green 

 fohagc and also for their 

 ' i-?^ attractive flowers and 

 !/,^ fruits. 



Shrubs or rarely small 



trees: Ivs. alternate, en- 



. '^^, tire, evergreen; fls. small 



^^ , J' m terminal often pani- 



i,,<|j^i3 cled racemes; calyx 4-5- 



'''^»_ \':^^ parted, persistent; corolla 



//5ipi^59 urceolate, 4-.5 - toothed ; 



■ '^^ stamens 8 or 1 0, included ; 



anthers with a paii of 



awns, the cells opening 



with a pore; ovary 4-10- 



celled, 1 ovule in each 



cell: fr. a red, usually 



smooth mealy berry or 



rather drupe with 4-10 



coherent nutlets. — 



About 20 species in N. and Cent. Amer., 1 species also 

 in N. Eu. and N. Asia. Includes ComarostaphyUs. 



They are handsome evergreen shrubs, though gen- 

 erally with less conspicuous flowers and fruits than those 

 of the allied genus Arbutus. Some Central American 

 species, however, as A. arbutoides, A. argula and 

 A. polifolia are beautiful m flower, and well worth a 



364. Manzanita. — Arctostapbylos manzanita. (XH) 



place in the greenhouse or in the garden in temperate 

 regions; of the American species, A. Pringlei, A. viscida 

 and ^4. bicolor are some of the handsomest. Only the 

 trailing species are hardy North. For culture, see 

 Arbutus. 



bicolor, 9, manzanita, 4. tomentosa, 7. 



californica, 2. nevadensis, 2. Uva-urai, 1. 



diversifolia, 10. Pringlei, 8. viscida, 6. 



glauca, 5. pungens, 3, 4, 



A. Trailing or creeping: Ivs. J^-/ J^ in. long: fls. in 

 short and rather few-fld. clusters. 



1. Uva-ursi, Spreng.(yCr6«(u.s f/('a-Mm,Linn.). Bear- 

 berry. Fig. 363. Lvs. obovate-oblong, tapering into 

 the petiole, retuse or obtuse at the apex: fls. small, about 

 J^in. long, white tinged with red. Northern hemisphere, 

 in N. Amer. south to Mex. Em. 2:431. Gn. 14:68 

 (habit). — Hardy traihng evergreen shrub, like the fol- 

 lowing valuable for covering rocky slopes and sandy 

 banks. Cuttings from mature wood taken late in sum- 

 mer root readily under glass. Lvs. are employed in 

 medicine chiefly for their action on the kidneys and 

 bladder. 



2. nevadensis, Gray (A. caZi/drm'ca, Hort.). Lvs. ob- 

 ovate or obovate-lanceolate, abruptly petioled, acute or 

 mucronate at the apex: fls. in short-stalked clusters, 

 white or tinged with red. Calif., in the higher mts. 

 G.W. 13:326 (habit). 



aa. Erect shrubs: lvs. usually 1-2 in. long: fls. in mostly 



many-fld. panicled racemes. 



B. Lvs. glabrous, rarely minutely pubescent. 



c. Pedicels glabrous. 



3. piingens, HBK. From 3-10 ft.; glabrous or min- 

 utely pubescent: lvs. slender-petioled, oblong-lanceo- 

 late or oblong-elliptic, acute, entire, green or glauces- 

 cent: fls. in short, umbel-like clusters; fr. glabrous, 

 about ]4in. broad. Mex., Low. Cahf. B.R. 30:17. 

 B.M. 3927. 



4. manzanita. Parry (A. piiresrens, Authors). Fig. 364. 

 Shrub or small tree, to 30 ft. . lvs. ovate, usually obtuse 

 and mucronulate at the apex, glabrous, dull green; fls. 

 in prolonged panicled racemes: fr. glabrous, }^-3^in. 

 broad. W. N. Amer., from Ore. south. G.F. 4:571. 

 G.C. III. 44:163. B.M 8128. 



cc. Pedicels glandular. 



5. glaiica, Lindl. From 8-25 ft. . lvs. oblong or orbic- 

 ular, obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, glaucescent 

 or pale green: fls. in prolonged panicled racemes; pedi- 



