ARISTOLOCHIA 



ARISTOLOCHIA 



393 



phylla being perhaps the best known vine for shade 

 purposes. It is vigorous and of rapid growth, and has 

 never been Ivnown to be attacked by fungoid or insect 

 enemies. For covering outbuikiings quickly it has no 

 equal, owing to the heavy growth of foliage and its 

 adaptability to any situation. The flowers are peculiar 

 in shape, giving rise to the popular name, Dutchman's 

 pipe. These are inconspicuous, however, compared 

 with the tropical species of this genus. In 

 contrast with the foregoing, A. grandiflora 

 var. Sturtevantii has gigantic flowers with a 

 tail sometimes 3 feet long. This species 

 must be cultivated under glass and is most 

 suitable for large structures as the odor 

 when in bloom beggars description, it being 

 such that flies have been known to be 

 deceived, thinking its origin was due to 

 putridity. There are other fine species for 

 indoor culture as A. brasiliensis and A. 

 Goldieana. These are best pro- 

 pagated from cuttings taken 

 from well-matured wood in early 

 spring or at pruning time. A 

 rich soil is desirable and pref- 

 erence is given to planting the 

 roots in a border or bed that 

 they may be trained up rafters 

 or pillars of warmhouses. Pot 

 culture does not give good 

 results. Another very pretty 

 species is .4. elegans. This is 

 not odorous, can easily be pro- 

 cured from seeds, which are 

 freely produced under cultiva- 

 tion. It will bloom the first 

 year under glass, and may be cut back to give light to 

 other plants in winter. The outdoor A. macrophylla 

 (often known as A. Sipho) produces good seed; this 

 seems to be the only way to increase it as hardwood 

 cuttings do not root readily. (E. O. Orpet.) 



376. Flowers of Dutch- 

 man's Pipe, Aristolochia 

 macrophylla, showing the 

 ovary at a, and the swell- 

 ing of the calyx-tube at b. 



argentina, 8. 

 brasiliensis, 13. 

 californica, 5. 

 Clematitis, 2. 

 cymbifera, 15. 

 elegan.s, 14. 

 giQantea, 11. 

 gigas, 11. 



INDEX. 



Goldieana, 12. 

 grandiflora, 11. 

 hastata. 1. 

 Hookeri, 11. 

 labiosa, 1.5. 

 macrophylla, 3. 13. 

 moupinensis, 6. 

 ornilhocephataj 13. 



ridicula, 9, 

 Serpentaria, !• 

 Sipho, S.v 

 Sturtevantii, 11. 

 tomentosa, 4, 

 triangularis, 7. 

 tricaudata, 10. 



A. Plant not climbing, herbaceous. 



1. Serpentaria, Linn. Virginia Snakeroot. Height 

 2 ft. or less, pubescent, with short rootstocks and aro- 

 matic roots: Ivs. ovate or oblong, cordate or halberd- 

 form, acuminate: fls. near the root, solitary, S-shaped, 

 much enlarged above the ovary, greenish. E. U. S. — 

 Occasionally cult. Roots used in medicine. Reputed 

 remedy for snake-bites. Var. hastata, Duch. Lvs. 

 narrow, sagittate or hastate. Southeastern states. 



2. Clematitis, Linn. Two ft. or less tall, glabrous: 

 lvs. reniform-pointed, ciliate on the margins: fls. axillary 

 and clustered, straight, greenish. Eu. — Rarely cult., 

 and occasionally escaped. 



aa. Plant twining, mostly woody. 

 B. Cult, in the open. 



3. macrophylla, Lam. (A. Slpho, L'Her.). Dutch- 

 man's Pipe. Pipe Vine. Figs. 375, 376, 377. Very tall, 

 twining, glabrous: lvs. very large, broadly reniform or 

 rounded, becoming glabrous: fls. solitary or 2 or 3 to- 

 gether in the axils, U-shaped, enlarged above the ovary, 

 with a 3-lobed, spreading flat hmb, purplish. Eastern 

 states. B.M. .534. Gng. 1:53. G.F. 5:509 (habit).— 

 An excellent vine for porches, the great lvs. affording 

 a dense shade. 



4. tomentdsa, Sims. Much like the last, but very 

 tomentosp: lvs. less rounded: fls. yellow, with reflexed 



lobes, the closed orifice purple. N. C. to 111. and S. 

 B.M. 1369. 



5. calif6rnica, Torr. Silky pubescent, 6-10 ft.: lv.s. 

 ovate-cordate, 2-4 in. long, obtuse or acutish, short- 

 petioled: fls. U-shaped, little contracted at the throat, 

 the limb 2-lobed, with the upper lip of 2 broad, obtuse 

 lobes and a thickening on the inner side. CaUf. 



6. moupinensis, Franch. Branches slender, densely 

 silky, becoming smoothish: lvs. cordate, 5 in. or less 

 long, hairy above, grayish pubescent beneath, the 

 petiole about 23^ in. long: fls. solitary on axillary 

 peduncles, the tube \]/2 in. long, abruptly curved .so 

 that the blossom appears U-shaped as it hangs, pale 

 green outside and yellowish inside, the limb obliquely 

 3-lobed, 1 }/i in. across, yellowish and purple-marked. 

 From the Moupine region of W. China. B.M. 8325. — 

 A rapid grower, reaching 15 ft. in one season. A good 

 pillar and post plant, hardy in England. Allied to A. 

 Kaempjeri (see supplementary hst). 



7. triangularis, Cham. Glabrous: lvs. triangular- 

 acute, 3-nerved, pellucid-punctate, the petioles pre- 

 hensile, the blade 4 in. long by 3 in. broad: fls. solitary, 

 ovoid-inflated at base and then making a sharp angle, 

 the tube funnelforra and the limb small and truncate 

 and not large, purple-spotted. Brazil. — A climber 

 reported in S. Calif. 



8. argentina, Griseb. Herbaceous, glabrous; st. 

 angular-sulcate: lvs. cordate-deltoid, obtuse, pedately 

 7-nerved: fls. solitary on axillary peduncles, glabrous 

 without and somewhat puberulent within, the tube 

 ovoid at base, bent, the parts of limb broadly ovate 

 and obtuse. S. Amer. Reported in S. Calif. 



BB. Cult, in greenhouse or warmhouse. 

 c. Fl.-limb of 2 narrow divergent lobes. 



9. ridicula, N. E. Br. Very slender, stiff-hairy 

 throughout: lvs. round-reniform, cordate: fls. axillary 

 and solitary, 2 in. long aside from the limb, with a long 

 sac at the base of the tube, pale yellow with dull purple 

 veining; hmb of 2 spreading, deflexed, narrow lobes, 

 glandular, reminding one of donkeys' ears. Brazil. 

 B.M. 6934. G.C. II. 26:361. 



cc. Fl.-limb of 3 narrow lobes. 



10. tricaudata, Lem. Lvs. 5-8 in. long, oblong- 

 acuminate, rugose, cihate: fls. soUtary; tube short and 

 somewhat inflated at the rounded 

 base, suddenly bent; limb wide 

 and concave, maroon-red outside 

 and very dark purple-brown in- 

 side, produced into tails 4 in. long. 

 Mex. I. H. 14:522. R.B. 20:37. 

 B.M. 6067. — A fine species of 

 shrubby habit, producing quanti- 

 ties of fls. all over the older parts 

 of the growths, down to the base 

 of the old St. A striking plant 

 when well grown under sunny 

 conditions in a temp, of 50-55° F. 



CCC. Fl.-limb 2-lipped, the lips 



unlike and one of them usu- ^^.j Longitudinal 



ally ample and flowing: fls. section of flower of 



large. Dutchman'^ Pipe, 



D. Bloffsoms with one or more long showing the ovary, and 



L^ ..■ ^ i .■/, the short column of 



hanging tails. stamens at ?. iXD 



11. grandifl6ra, Swartz (A. 



gigas, Lindl.). Pelican -Flower. Swan -Flower. 

 Goose-Flower. Duck-Flower. Figs. 378, 379. Downy 

 cUmbing shrub: lvs. cordate-acuminate; peduncles 

 striate, exceeding the petiole, 1-fld.: the fl.-bud is 

 "bent like a siphon in the tube, so as to resemble the 

 body and neck of a bird, while the hmb, in that state, 

 resembles the head and beak thrown back upon the 

 body, as a pelican when that bird is at rest, whence 



