i9-2 



BERBERIS 



BERBERIS 



-."i Sargenti&na, SchntMti. lOvorpreeii shrub, lo 

 ft.: Imuiches nearly tor^to, grayish liruwn, witli usually 

 short spiiu's; Ivs. coriaceous, olliptic-obloug to ohlong- 

 lancotilatc, acute or acuiniuatc, densely spiny-serrate, 

 dark proon above, light gnn^n luid reticulate below, 

 ll<>— 1 in. long: fls. f:iscicled, many, 'oin. across; pedicels 

 ?2-'4in. long: fr. globose-ovoid, 'gin. long, black, with 

 sessiile stigma. May, June; fr. Sept., Oct. W. China. 

 — \'er>' handsome with large dark green Ivs. At the 

 Arnold Arboretum it has proved the hardiest of the 

 evergreen barberries. See page 3566. 



26. hakeoides, Schneid. {R. congestiflbra var. hnke- 

 o\d(s. Hook. f. li. cougi'sti flora, Hort., not Gay). Shrub, 

 to 6 ft.: last year's branches angular, gra\'ish brown; 

 ppines small or oftener leafy., and semi-orbicular with 



J^ >:*^^ 



541. Berberis Thunbergii. 



gpinv teeth: Ivs. oval to nearly orbicular, 1-2 in. long, 

 npJ. spinose-dentato, bright green above, glaucous 

 beneath: fls. in dense globose clusters; clusters very 

 numerous along the bran<-hes and forming spikes toward 

 the end which is often leafless: fr. ovoid, ^.jin., bluish 

 black. Chile. G.C. III. 29:295. B.M. 6770.— Very 

 handsome with its numerous bright yellow fl.-clusters. 

 Not hardy N. 



27. ilicifdlia, Forst. Shrub, to 8 ft.: last year's 

 branches angular, purjjlish, minutely pubescent when 

 young: Ivs. obovate, J4-2 in. long, dark green above, 

 coarsely spiny-toothed: racemes .5-10-fld., shorter than 

 the Ivs. with the peduncle about 1 in. long; fls. orange- 

 yellow. Patagonia. B.M. 4308. F.S. 3:291.— Similar 

 to the following. Ver>' rare in cult.; for the plants 

 usually cult, under this name see No. 31. 



28. Darwinii, Hook. Shrub, 1-3 ft.: branches brown, 

 pubfscent when young: Ivs. cuneate, obovate, spiny- 

 tof^thed and usually 3-pointed at the apex, glossy dark 

 green above, light green and lustrous beneath, 3^-1 

 in. long: racemes ^20-fld., longer than the Ivs., with the 

 peduncle 2-4 in. long, pendulous; fls. orange-yellow, 

 often reddish outside; style as long as the ovary: fr. 

 dark purf)le. June; fr. Aug., Sept. Chile to Patagonia. 

 B.M. 4.yjO. F.S. 7:603. P.F.G. 2:46. J.F. 2:111. 

 G.M. 44:6W). 



29. asiatica, Roxbg. {B. hypoleiica, Lindl.). Shrub, 

 to 10 ft.: last year's branches grayish yellow, 

 grwn-ed, puberulous when young; spines small: Ivs. 

 ohx>vate to oblong, 1-3 in. long, entire or with few teeth, 

 whitish beneath: racemes H-2.5-fld., 1-2 in. long: fr. 

 purjjje, with distinct stvle. Apr.. May. Himalayas. 

 J.H.S. 2:246.— Hardy only 8. 



30. chitria, Lindl. (B. aristata, Sims, not DC). 

 Shrub, to 6 ft.: last year's branches yellowish or reddish 

 brown, slightly grooved or nearlv terete; spines slender, 

 to ^in. long: Ivs. oblong, or oblong-obovate, cuneate 

 at the base, 1-3 in. long, .spinose-serrate or entire, sub- 

 roriaf'f^jus: fls. deep yellow, often reddish, in long- 

 jx-*lunclerl panicles: fr. purf)li8h, ovoid-oblong, with 

 di.stinct style. June. July. Himalayas. B.H. 9:729. 

 B.M. 2o49 fa few-fld. form, as B. umbellata) .—Oiien 



confused with />*. oristatd, which is easily distinguished 

 by its simple sessile racemes. 



31. Neubertii, Lem. {B. vulgaris x Mahonia Aqui- 

 fdliuni). Branches grayish brown, without spines, 

 upright: Ivs. simple, oval or ovate, or sometimes 

 oblong, cuneate at the base, often with 1 or 2 smaller 

 lateral Ifts., spiny-toothed, dark grayish green above, 

 132-3 in. long: fls. in racemes. Of garden origin. I.H. 

 1:111, G.C. III. 9:73, 75. Var. latifolia, Rehd. {B. 

 ilicifolia, Hort., not Forst. B. Uitifdlui, Hort.). Lvs. 

 broader, those of the shoots more rigid, with fewer 

 and broa<ler, more spreading spines, with broader 

 often nearly truneatc base.^ — Hardy in sheltered posi- 

 tions at t.he Arnokl Arboretum, but not evergreen; in 

 the 8. the lvs. are persistent. 



B, actinacdniha, Mart. Evergreen shrub, to 3 ft.: spines 4-7- 

 parted: Ivs. obovate to oblong, ?2~1 in- long, spiny: fls. slender- 

 stalked, in clusters. Chile. B.R. 31:55. — B. acuminata, Franch. 

 Allied to B. Gagnepainii. Evergreen shrub: branches yellow, terete: 

 Ivs. lanceolate, 4-7 in. long, acuminate, with numerous small spiiiy 

 teeth: fls. fascicled; pedicels about 1 in. long. S.W. China. J.H.F. 

 1900:191. — B. acuminata, Stapf^B. Gagnepainii. — B. acumin'ita, 

 Veitch^B. Vcitchii. — B. irtnenais, Presl. Low, dense, deciduous 

 shrub: branches yellowish gray, angular with numerous spines, 

 about ''iin. long: lvs. oblanceolate or obovate, spinose-serrate, ? 2" 

 1 ' 2 ill. I'liig: racemes short, 8-14-fld. Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica. — B. 

 aiJi/riij'ilii, Schneid. Allied to B. polyantha. Lvs. oblong-obovate, 

 epiiiy-tuuthed, ^^-i in. long: panicles short and very dense, about 

 ^4in. long: fr. subglobose, salmon-red. W. China. — B. Andredna, 

 Naudin^B. laurina. — B. anguldsa, Wall. Deciduous shrub, to 4 ft.: 

 young branchlets puberulous, angular, spiny: Ivs. oblong-obovate, 

 J'2^1?2 in- long, whitish beneath, entire or sparsely spinulose: fls. 

 solitary or few, slender-stalked: fr. red. Himalayas. B.M. 7071. — 

 B. Aquifdlium, Pursh^Mahonia Aquifolium. — B. arguta, Ball= 

 Mahonia arguta. — B. Belstaniana, Hort.=B. virescens. — B. Berg- 

 mdnniae, Schneid. Allied to B. Sargentiana. Evergreen shrub, to 

 6 ft.: lvs. coriaceous, elliptic, indistinctly veined, I-l }2 in. long: fls. 

 fascicled, many: fr. oblong-ovoid, black, bloomy. Cent, and W, 

 China. Var. acanthopkylla, Schneid. Lvs. to 2 in. long, sinuately 

 spiny. W. China. Only the variety is in cult.— B. Bretschneideri, 

 Rehd. Allied to B. korcana. Shrub, to 8 ft.; branches terete, red- 

 dish brown with few and small spines: lvs. obovato-oblong, 1 H~2}'^ 

 in. long, setoie-serrate: racemes about 1^2 1". long: fr. oblong, pur- 

 pli^sh. N.China. S.T.S. 2:110. Hardy N.— B. trar/i^/poJa, Maxim. 

 Allied to B. amurensis. Shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. elliptic-oblong, acute, 

 pubescent on both sides, 1 } 2~3 H in- long: racemes pubescent, slen- 

 der, 2-3 in. long: fr. scarlet. Cent. China. — B. carididula, Schneid. 

 (B. Wallichiana var. candidula, Schneid. B. Wallichiana var. pal- 

 lida, Boiss.). Allied to B. verruculosa. Evergreen prostrate shrub: 

 branchlets glabrous, yellowish: lvs. elliptic with few spiny teeth, 

 white beneath, about 1 in. long: fls. solitary. Cent. China. V.F. 15. 

 — B. Cdroli, Schneid. (B. integerrima var. stenophylla, Maxim.). 

 Similar to B. Poiretii. Shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. oblanceolate, usually 

 entire, 5^-1 J-z in. long: racemes 8-14-fld. Mongoli.a. Var. hoang- 

 hensis, Schneid. Racemes many-fid., 1-1 ?2 in. long, pedicels ^gin. 

 long: fr. subglobose, salmon-red. W. China. Only the variety is in 

 cult. — B. cerdsina, Schrad. Allied to R. sinensis, but lvs. more often 

 toothed, racemes shorter, hardly longer than the lvs. and spines 

 shorter, usually simple. Of unknown origin. — B. congestiflbra. Gay. 

 Allied to B. hakeoides. Lvs. oblong-ovate to orbicular, often 

 entire: fls. in dense umbels on upright stalks ?2"-l in. long. Chile. — 

 B. cratgegina, DC. Shrub, to 5 ft.: branches brownish red, nearly 

 terete: lvs. deciduous, oblanceolate to oblong-obovate, ?2-l/2in. 

 long, usually entire: racemes f)-20-fld., 1-2 in. long: fr. bluish black. 

 Asia Minor. — The true B. cratagina does not seem to be in cult. — 

 B, cretica, Linn, Deciduous shrub, to 3 ft.: branches purplish with 



542. Fruiting twig of Berberis Thunbergii. (X H) 



numerous spines often nearly 1 in. long: lvs. lanceolate, ^:i-^.iin. 

 long, usually entire: fls. 3-7, in short umbel-like racemes. S.E. Eu. 

 Orient. — B. cHspa, Gay. Allied to B. hakeoides. Branches puber- 

 ulous: Iva. thinner, ovate or oval, spiny-toothed, i2'"l'2 in. long: 

 fls. 5-8, on slender pedicels, clustered. Chile. — B. dealbaia, Lindi. 

 I^vs, persistent, nearly orbicular, with few spiny teeth; racemes 

 short, dense, nodding. Mex. B.R. 21:1750. — B. ^Ugans, Rort.^B. 

 Lycium. — B. emargindta, Willd. Possibly B. sibirica X vulgaris. 

 Low shrub: spines 1-5-parted: lvs. obovate to obovate-oblong, }2~ 

 1 ?4 in. long, setuloae-dentate: racemes shorter than the lvs., up- 

 right; petals usually emarginate. Of unknown origin. G.O.H. 62. — 

 B. Fendleri, Gray. Allied to B. canadensis. Shrub, to 5 ft.: spines 

 3-5-parted: Ivs. obovate-lanceolate, ?4-l ?4 in, long, lustrous, entire 

 or spinulose: racemes dense, long-peduncled, pendulous. Colo, to 

 New Mex. G.F. 1:462. — B. Fdrtunei, Lindl. =Mahonia Fortunei. 



