BRASSIA 



BRASSICA 



541 



as sepals; lip light yellow, with dark green warts, con- 

 gtrictetl at the middle, the basal part nearly orbicular, 

 the upper portions broadly triangular-ovate, acuminate. 

 Guatemala. B.R. 33:29. 



AA. Lip ivithout loarls. 



B. The lip with a broad clow, broadly obovate w nearly 



orbicular above. 



C. Lateral sepals lanceolate, about 3 in. long. 



3. maculata, R. Br. Pseudobulbs .3^ in. long, 1- 

 Ivd.: Ivs. up to 9 in. long: racemes of .5-10 fls. ; sepals 

 and petals yellowish green, brown-spotted on the lower 

 part, the sepals about 3 in. long, the petals two-thirds 

 as long; lip cream- white, purple-dotted, with broad 

 claw, the upper part broadly ovate, acute. Jamaica. 

 B.M. 1691. P.M. 6:5. Var. guttata, Lindl. (B. Wrayx, 

 Skinner). Fls. smaller and greener. Guatemala. 

 B.iM. 4003. 



cc. Lateral sepals narrowly linear, Jf-5 in. long. 



4. Gireoudeana, Reichb. Pseudobulbs 1-lvd., 3-4 

 in. long and about half as broad, much compressed: 

 Ivs. up to 1 ft. long: racemes with 6-12 fls.; sepals yel- 

 lowish green, the base brown-spotted, the lateral 

 sepals up to 5 in. long, the dorsal a little shorter; pet- 

 als about half as long as dorsal sepal, the base brown, 

 the remainder j-ellowish green; Up yellow, brown- 

 spotted, with a broad claw, the upper part nearly 

 orbicular, acute. Costa Rica. 



BB. The lip not clawed. 



c. Lateral sepals ff-S in. long. 



D. Sepals greenish yellow; lip ovate. 



5. caudata, Lindl. Pseudobulbs up to 5 in. long: 

 Ivs. up to 10 in. long; racemes with 6-12 fls.; sepals and 

 petals greenish .yellow, brown-spotted at base; dorsal 

 sepal about 3 in. long, the lateral 6 in. ; petals about 1 

 in. long; lip without a claw, ovate, acuminate, light 

 yellow with brown spots. \Y. Indies. B.R. 832. B.M. 

 34.51. A.F. 6:609. 



DD. Sepals deep orange-yellow; lip oblong-lanceolate. 



6. longissima, Nash (B. Laurenceana, Lindl., var. 

 longissima, Reichb.). Pseudobulbs 2-3 in. long, com- 

 pressed, 1-lvd.: Ivs. up to 9 in. long: racemes of nu- 

 merous fls. ; sepals and petals deep orange-yellow, with 

 a few large basal blotches; the dorsal sepal about half 

 as long as the lateral which are 7-8 in. long and about 

 }4m- wide at base; the petals 2-3 in. long; lip oblong- 

 lanceolate, about 3 in. long, pale yellow, acuminate, 

 purple-spotted at base. Costa Rica. B.M. 5748. 



cc. Lateral sepals 2}i-S 

 in. long. 

 D. Cre.it 2-lobed; lip ohlong. 

 7. Lanceana, Lindl. Pseu- 

 dobulbs 2-lvd., 3-5 in. long, - 

 much compressed and ribbed: 

 Ivs. up to 1 ft. long: racemes 

 of 7-12 fls.; sepals and petals 

 light yellow, bro^Nii-spotted 

 below, the sepals 2)2-3 in. 

 long, the petals about half 

 as long; lip oblong, yellow, 

 unspotted or with a few basal 

 brown spots, undulate, acute, 

 l-lj^in. long. Guiana. B.R. 17.54. B.M. 3.577. 



DD. Crest truncate in front; lip oljloug-lanceolate. 

 8. Lawrenceana, Lindl. Pseudobulbs 2-lvd., 3-5 in. 

 long, ribbed and much compressed: Ivs. up to 1 ft. 

 long: racemes of 7-12 fls.; sepals and petals light yel- 

 low, brown-spotted below, the sepals about 3 in. long, 

 the petals about 1 '<2 in. long; lip oblong-lanceolate, 

 light vellow, about 1,'^ in. long, acute, undulate. Bra- 

 zil. ri.R. 27:1S. J.H. IIL 30:275. 



625. Flower of mustard. 



B. Forgetiana, Hort. Fls. whitisii with chocolate markings, the 

 crest of the lip orange. Related to B. maculata. G.C. III. 48:471. 

 — B. Jossliana, Reichb. t. Brazil. Gt. .3:308. 



George V. Nash. 



BRASSICA (old classical name). Including Sinhpis. 

 C'rucifene. Annual and biennial herbs, including cab- 

 bage and turnip, and their allies, and also the mustards. 

 Leaves various, the lower ones mostly 

 lyrate or pinnatifid: fls. yellow, mostly in 

 erect racemes; petals and stamens 4: pod 

 long and slender, compressed-cylindrical or 

 4-sided, beaked; seeds not winged, the coty- 

 ledons conduplicate (Figs. 625, 626) . — Nearly 

 or quite 100 species in Eu., Asia, Afr., and 

 many of them widely naturalized. The 

 brassicas possess a remarkable natural 

 tendency toward the thickening of parts 

 under cult., as of root, St., axillary buds, 

 If. -rosettes, midribs and even of fl.-clus- 

 ters. Oil is extracted from the 

 ./^^fe. seeds of several .species, and the 

 ground mustard of commerce is 

 made from the seeds of B. nigra 

 and others. 



The brassicas are botanically 

 much confused, particularly in the 

 groups containing cultivated spe- 

 cies. The manuals probably con- 

 tain too few rather than too many 

 species of Brassica; at least, the 

 miscellaneous throwing of rutabagas, 

 turnips, rape and other plants into 

 Brassica campestris is unnatural, and, therefore, unfor- 

 tunate. One of the best presentations of the true bras- 

 sicas is that of De Candolle's Prodromus, as long ago as 

 1824 (also in Trans. Lond. Hort. Soc, Vol. V, and in 

 Systema, 2 : 582-607), and the present treatment follows 

 that outline in general. Some of the forms that are here 

 kept separate as species may be derived from their 

 fellows, but the evidence of such origin is lost, and per- 

 spicuity demands that they be kept distinct in a horti- 

 cultural treatise. The taxonomic arr.angement here 

 presented can be regarded as only tentative, however, 

 and new systematic studies should be made of the 

 entire group. 



The confusion into which our brassicas have fallen is 

 in some measure due to the various vernacular names in 

 the dilTerent countries. The French use the word chou 

 generically to include all forms of B. oleracea and the 

 rutabaga — that is, all the blue thick-leaved brassicas; 

 while in England the rutabaga is called the Swedish 

 turnip. A tabular view of the different vernaculars may 

 be useful: 



626. Pod or silique 

 of mustard. — Bras- 

 sica juncea. (XI H) 



French. 

 Chou cabu.s 

 Chou de Milan 

 Chou de Bruxellea 

 Choux-verta 

 Chou-rave 



Chou-nave 



Chou-fleur 

 Navet 



English. 



Cabbage 



Savoy cabbage 



Brussels Sprouts 



Borecole or Kale 



Kohlrabi 

 [ Swede, or Swedish "^ 

 1 turnip I 



j Turnip-rooted f 



( cabbage } 



Cauliflower 



Turnip; 



A merican. 

 Cabbage 

 Savoy cabbage 

 Brussels sprouts 

 Borecole, or Kale 

 Kohlrabi 



Rutabaga 



Cauliflower 

 Turnip 



The Latin names in Brassica, particularly in the 

 oleracea-eampestris group, have been so variously used 

 that it is practically impossible to place some of them 

 accurately. 



INDEX. 



acephala, 1. 

 alba, 10. 

 arvcnsis, II. 

 botrytis, I. 

 campestris, 3. 

 capitata, I. 

 Caulo-Hapa, 1. 

 chincnsi.s, 5. 

 cunci folia, 9. 

 gemmiicra, 1. 



ititegrifolia. 9. 

 japonica, 8. 

 juncea, 9. 

 Iwpigata, 9. 

 Innceolala, 9. 

 napiforinis, G. 

 Napo-Braasica, 3. 

 Napus, 2. 

 nigra, 12. 



olei/era, 2, 3, 4. 

 oleracea, 1, 3. 

 jKLtens, 9. 

 Pe-tsai, 7. 

 Tamosa. 9. 

 Hapa, 4. 

 rngiiaa, 9. 

 SinapitftTum, II. 

 81/lveslris, 1. 



