BULL-HORN 



BUPHTHALMUM 



599 



A. Jnvolucels at the 6ase of the prturicle {Basibracteatit-, Betith.); 

 petliceUed bTacteoLes o/ the JL- beads peltate. True BuLL-HoRNa. 



B. Fods mdehiscent thin aiid fraoite, terminalmg in a sharp, spine~ 



like beak. 

 c. Laminae of pedicelled bracteoles (umbracula) nvate~acuminate or 

 hastate: fi.-spikes dense, cylindrical; inflated spines broadly 

 spreading or incurved, closely resembling the horns of an ox. 

 D. Peduncles of fi.-heads puberuleni: laminx of the bracteoles long- 

 acuminate, more or less scabrous above; inflated spines usually 

 brown or chestnut-colored at length. 

 A. corntgera, Linn. (Arbor cornigera. Hernandez). HuiTZ- 

 MAM.\XALLl. Bull-Horn. Cuernitos. Ahbol de las Hormigas. 

 Ant-Tree. Figs. 693, 6'J4. A -slirub or small tree with l-'S erect sts. 

 and a few lateral branches bearing numerous large inflated spines 

 remarkable for their close resemblance to the horns of an ox or 

 buffalo. The pods are eaten by pigs and other animals. E. Trop. 

 Mex. 



DD. Peduncles of fl.-heads glabrous: lamitia: of bracteoles short- 

 acuminate not scabrous above: inflated spines usually ivory- 

 white or yellowish. 

 A. nicoyensis, Schenck. Nicoya Bull-Horn. Esping blanco. 

 White-spined Bull-Horn. A shrub or small tree resembling the 

 former. Occurs in Costa Rica, Guatemala and the adjacent 

 regions of Mex. and Salvador. 



cc. haminx of pedicelled bracteoles ovate, ciliaie, not acuminate: 



fl.-spikes spharroid-ovate or ovate-nblong: inflated spines not 



broadly spreading, often V-shaped or U-shaped. 



A. sphxrocephala, Cham. & Schl. Bull-Horn. Cuernitos de 



Veracruz. Cornizuelo. Arbol de las Hormigas. Arbol 



HoRMiGUERO. Fig. 095. .\ shrub or small tree resembling A. 



cornigera, from the state of \'era Cruz. 



BB. Pods dehiscent, coriaceous or woody. 



C. Fls. in globose heads on long thick peduncles clustered in the axils 



of long fork-like spines: pods very long. 

 A. Cookii, SafTord. Bull-Horn Acacia of Alta Verapaz. A 

 small tree or shrub with slender fork-like inflated thorns inhabited 

 by stinging ants. Guatemala. 



cc. Fls. in elongated spikes, borne on special flowering branchlets, in 

 clusters of several, subtended by small bipinnaie Its. with subulate 

 stipular spines or by a piir of spines only: laminx of pedicelled 

 bracteoles circular or nearly so. 



D. Spikes dense rigid oblong-cylindrical: pods thick and woody, 



straight or slightly curved, obtuse or shortly acuminate: larger 

 fipines swollen at base, usually U-shaped and equitant. 

 A. Cdllinsii, Safford. A shrub or small tree with inflated U- 

 shaped. olive-greenish or brownish stipular spines curving upward, 

 and sometimes twisted around the branch. S. Mex. 

 DD. Spike lax, flexible, linear: pods coriaceous, slender, falcate 

 usually long-acuminate: larger spines very broad and flat, 

 terminating in widely diverging, very sharp points, like an 

 inverted bicorn chapeau. 

 A. Hindsii, Benth. Broad-Thorn Acacia. Bull-Thorn of 

 Maza.villo. Buffalo Horn. Fig. tiOti. X small glabrous tree 

 remarkable for its broad fiat stipular thorns, which resemble in 

 form an inverted military chapeau. W. coast of Mex. 



AA. Involucel at the apex or above the middle of the slender peduncle: 

 lamins of the bracteoles ovale-ciliate [not peUate}: larger spines 

 stout and straight widely diverging. Fls. in globose heads, 

 solitary or geminate, on flowering branchlets, subtended by a 

 small bipinnate If. unth subulate stipular spines or by a pair of 

 small spines only: larger inflated spines at length split longi- 

 tudinally, 

 A. cockliac'intna, H. & B. (Mimosa campeachiana. Miller), 

 Split-Thorn Acacia. Spoon-Thoh.n Acacia. This species is 

 not a true bull-horn since its 

 peduncles have not a basal in- 

 volucel and its stipular spines 

 instead of being hollow and sub- 

 ject to the perforations of ants 

 become split longitudinally. 



W. E. Safford. 



BUMELIA (ancientGreek 

 namcforanash-treo). Sapo- 

 laces. Buckthorn; also 

 Ironwood. Woody plants 

 sometimes cultivated in 

 botanioal collections, but 

 without particular orna- 

 mental qualities. 



Small trees or shrubs with 

 milky or gummy sap and 

 ver)' hard wood: branches 

 usually spiny: Ivs. alternate, 

 entire, short-pet ioled: fls. 

 mostly perfect in axillary 

 clusters, long-jjedicelled; 

 calyx 5-lobed, persistent; 



corolla campanulate, .5-lobed; lobes longer than tube 

 with a small ai^pentlage on each side; stamens T), adnate 

 to the corolla, and 5 petal-like staminodes; ovary 5- 

 celled, pubescent: fr. a 1-seeded ilrupe. — About 20 

 species from the southern states to Brazil. 



These are evergreen or deciduous small trees or shrubs, 

 usually spiny, with generally obovate to oblong leaves 

 and inconspicuous white flowers on axillary clusters 

 followed by black subglobose to oblong-ovoid drupes. 

 None of the species is of much horticultural value, but 

 as most of them grow naturally on tiry, rocky or sandy 

 soil, they may be used sometimes with advantage for 

 planting in similar situations. The hardiest are B. 

 layiugiiiosa and B. lycioides, which have proved hardy in 

 sheltered positions at the Arnold Arboretum. Propa- 

 gation is by seeds. 



lanuginosa, Pers. Chittim Wood. Tree, sometimes 

 50 ft. : Ivs. oblong-obovate or cuneate-obovate, rounded 

 and often apiculate at the apex, dark green and lustrous 

 above, tomentose beneath, sometimes nearly glabrous at 

 length, 1-2J2 in. long: clusters many-fld.; pedicels 

 slender, hairy: fr. oblong-ovoid or obovoid, 5^2'n. long. 

 S.S. .5:247. H.T. .376. Southern states north to S. 111., 

 west to Texas. — This is the species most often met 

 with in collections. 



B. angustifdlia, Nutt. Shrub or small tree, to 25 ft.: Ivs. persist- 

 ent, obovate to oblanceolate, glabrous, 1-1 J-2 in. long.; fr. oblong. 

 Fla. S.S. 5:249. — B. lycioides, Gaertn. Shrut) or small tree, to 

 25 ft.: Ivs. deciduous, elliptic to oblong or oblanceolate. acute, gla- 

 brous, 1 '2-4 in. long: fr. ovoid. Va. to 111., Fla. and Texas. S.S. 

 5:248. — B. tenax. Willd. Shrub or small tree, to .30 ft.: Iv.s. obovate 

 to oblanceolate. pubescent beneath, 1-3 in. long: fr. oblong. N. C. 



to Fla. S.S. 5:246. 



Alfred Rehder. 



696. Acacia Hindsii. 



BUPHANE (Greek, cattle-deslroyer, alluding to poi- 

 sonous properties). Amarylliddcese. AmaryUis-hke bulbs, 

 very little known in this country; culture as for 

 Brunsvigia. 



The buphanes are large plants, with many red fls. 

 in an umbel with 2 involucral bracts: Ivs. appearing late, 

 strap-shaped, thick: perianth tubular; segms. equal and 

 narrow, spreading; stamens 6, exserted, attached on 

 the throat; style thread-like, the stigma small. — Two 

 species in Trop. and S. Afr. The fls. appear before the 

 Ivs., being as many as 200 together in a single head-like 

 lunbel, on a stout peduncle 1 ft. or less high. 



disticha, Herb. (B. toxicaria, Herb. Hsemdnthus 

 ioxicariit.-i, Thunb. Brunsiigia toxicaria, Ker-Gawl). 

 Bulb, 6-9 in. diam., tunicate: Ivs. several, distichous, 

 1-2 ft. long: peduncle or scape stout (6-12 in. high) and 

 solid, compressed, glaucous, bearing a dense umbel. 

 B.M. 1217. — Sparingly offered. Lvs. said to be very 

 poisonous to cattle in S. Afr.; bulb furnishes arrow 

 poison for the natives. 



cUiaris, Herb. (AmarijUis ciltiiriis, Linn. BTuttsvit/iii 

 cilidris, Ker-Gawl. Crossyiie ciliari.s, Salisb. Huiiuiii- 

 thus cilidris, Linn.). Fewer shorter lvs., and shorter 

 peduncle, bearing .50-100 dull purple fls.; may occur 

 ill choice collections. B.R. 1153. L. H. B. 



BUPHTHALMUM (Greek for ox-eye). Compdsitx. 

 A genus of 7 species of Eurojiean and W. Asian peren- 

 nial herbs, sometimes grown in the hardy border. Heads 

 large, with long yellow rays and imbricated involucral 

 bracts: lvs. alternate, entire or dentate: pai)pus short, 

 often connate into a corona: achcnes glabrous. Showy 

 plants of e:isy cult. 



speciosissimum, Ard. (Telikia speciosissima). Two 

 to 5 ft.: lvs. cordate and clasping, the upper ones oval 

 and acimiinate: heads solitary on the ends of the sts., 

 flowering in ,July and later. 



salicif61ium, Linn. (B. grandiflbrwn, I>inn.). Lower 

 lvs. olijong-lanceolate, 3-nerved, somewhat pubescent 

 and slightly serrate: fls. solitary and terminal, large. 



specidsum, Schreb. (B. cordifblium, \\'aldst. & Kit.). 

 Lvs. very large, cordate, coarse-serrate: fls. very large 



