30 General Nulicen. 



Steam Cnrriarrrx, it apjiears by the report of the select committee of 

 parliament, can bo pro|)elli'(l on common roails at an average rate of ten 

 miles i)er hour ; ascending and descending hills of considerable inclination 

 with facility and ease, an(i a great saving of expense. How gresit, then, 

 wonid be the advantages of ecinalising, or nearly so, the inclination of all 

 slopes! We have shown (Morniiii^ C/iroiiic/c, J3cc. 'Jl.) that this etjnalis- 

 ation of slo|)e, even with the aid of horses alone, would not only nearly 

 e(|nalise the value of territorial [)roperty, and all its various products, 

 but that it might go far to e(]ualise the fertility of soils, by tiie facilities 

 which it would give to the transport of earths which were superfluous in 

 one district, to others in which they were deficient. The practicability 

 anil advantages of using steam carriages on common roads adds greatly 

 to the value of our own suggestion. — Coiid. 



A rcgit/atiiig Tfiermomcfer, for effecting the same objects as Mr. Kewley's 

 Automaton (iardener {Enn/chpcccUa of Gardening, 2d edit. § 1490.) has 

 lately been invented by Mr. J. Lindley (not the Professor), and exhibited 

 in tiie libray of the London Horticultural Society. From a general view 

 of the exterior of this machine, it does not appear to us any thing like so 

 perfect as that of Mr. Kewley ; it will also cost more, and, instead of 

 regulating the temperature to a (juarter of a degree, like the automaton 

 gardener, it does not operate till a change has taken place of more than lo°. 

 The invention, however, has merit ; and we are exceeilingly glad to see it 

 brought forward, because we trust it will stimulate Mr. Kewle}' to put his 

 simple and most ingenious engine in the course of manufacture for public 

 sale. We belie\e tliat, for five guineas, Mr. Kewley can j)roiluce an instru- 

 ment not at all liable to go out of repair, which would open and shut the 

 windows of the largest church, public room, or hot-house, so as to regulate 

 the air within to any required temperature. W^e have felt confident, since 

 we saw this machine, that the business of forcing and exotic culture in 

 gardens, and of ventilating and regulating the temperature of hosj)itals, 

 crowded theatres, and other large or now bailly ventilated places, might be 

 greatly simplified and economised by Mr. Kewley's invention. When we 

 take in connexion with this the present facilities of heating hot-houses of 

 every kind ; and not only of heating them, but of preserving heat in 

 reserve by large cisterns of hot water, we feel convinced that the whole 

 business of forcing, or at all events of keeping hot-house and green-house 

 plants through the winter, might go on for days together with perfect 

 safety, without the attendance of a gardener, or of any person whatever. It 

 is evident that tliese ini|)rovements will also tend to render the use of hot- 

 houses more and more general; so that, if the taxes on glass were taken off, 

 we should not have a farm-house or a tradesman's cottage without its 

 green-iiouse or graj)ery. 



A sclf-arliiig Appnralnxfur regulating Temperature has lately been in- 

 vented l)y Dr. Tire, the scientific author of the- Dielionari/ of Cliemi.itri/. 

 The |)rinciple of the instrument is the unequal expansionofdiflerent metals 

 by heat. The Doctor |)ro|)oses its employment to regulate the safety- 

 valves of steam boilers; but there can. be no doubt that such machinery 

 might be added to it as woidd fit itfnr opening the windows of hot-houses, 

 churches, or dwelling-houses, and "opening or shutting the dampers of 

 chinmeys, or diminishing or increasing the draught of fireplaces. The de- 

 tails of construction will be found in the liijurlorij of Patent Inventions 

 for December IH.'il, vol. xii. p. 31.3. — Cond. 



An Instrument for liiifing ojf or transferring Angles, in laying out I'lowrr- 

 Gardens, or performing other Operations in Ijandsenpe-Gardening or in. 

 Garden Are/iiteeture. — !Sir, Herewith \i)U will receive a drawing (fig. 6.) 

 of the dirterent parts of an instrument ior laying off or transferring angles, 

 which, perhaps, you will think worth pulilishing for the benefit of your 



