JAN.] DRAW CH,V 41 



" by a sort of basket-work, made will) hazel or 

 " willow rods and brushwood, cut green, and maim- 

 " faclurcd with the small boughs and leaves remain- 

 " ing thereon, to make the basket-work the closer. 

 " The earth and chalk is raised from the pit by a 

 " jack-rowl on a frame, generally of very simple 

 cc and rude construction. To one end of the rowl 

 " is fixed a cart-wheel, which answers the double 

 " purpose of a fly and a stop. An inch -rope of 

 " sufficient length is wound round the rowl ; to 

 " one end of which is affixed a weight, which 

 " nearly counterbalances the empty bucket fast- 

 " ened to the other end. This apology for an 

 "axis in peritrochio, two wheel -barrows, a spade, 

 " a shovel, and a pick-axe, are all the necessary 

 " implements in trade of a company of chalkers, 

 " generally three in number. The pit-man digs 

 <( the chalk and fills the basket, and his compa- 

 " nions alternately wind it up, and wheel its con- 

 " tents upon the land : when the basket is wound 

 ' up to the top of the pit, to stop its descent till 

 " emptied, the point of a wooden peg, of suffi- 

 *' cient length and strength, is thrust by the per- 

 <4 pendicular spoke in tlie wheel into a hole made 

 " in the adjoining upright or standard of the 

 " frame, to receive it. The pit is sunk from twenty 

 f( to thirty feet deep, and then chambered at the 

 " bottom, that is, the pit-man digs or cuts out the 

 " chalk horizontally, in three separate directions ; 

 " the horizontal apertures being of a sufficient 



" height 



