124 DOMINION EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



soil open and loose after ploughing. We have found that the 

 use of the surface packer after the plough and again after the 

 seed drill will give big returns. Packing after the drill costs 

 about 25 cents per acre and, in an average of 28 experiments, 

 has resulted in increasing the value of the crop by $2.97 per acre. 



Harrowing after the grain is up has given good results in 

 two ways; first by decreasing weeds, second by increasing crops. 

 As a means of weed control and also as a factor in moisture 

 conservation, discing behind the binder has been found effective. 



Spring wheat has been found to be less suitable to this 

 climate than is winter wheat, taking one year with another. 

 Winter wheat has given best results sown about the middle of 

 August on breaking at the rate of about IJ bushels per acre. 

 The Kharkof strain of Turkey Red has given the largest 

 returns. Of the spring wheats. Marquis and Huron are among 

 the best varieties for the brush country or in all districts where 

 early maturity is desirable. Apart from the fact that Marquis 

 is early, it is also a good yielde'r and stands equal to any variety 

 in the final test of all milling wheats — their baking qualities. 



Oats give remarkable yields in this climate, the highest 

 point so far reached being a yield of 156 bus. 2 lbs. per acre ot 

 Banner in 1910. In 1911, twenty-one varieties in test plots 

 averaged 106 bus. 10 lbs. per acre. Among the varieties recom- 

 mended are Banner, Abundance, Ligowo and Gold Rain. 



Barley has never failed to mature when sown in season 

 and in addition has never failed to give a paying crop. 

 Mensury, Mansfield and O. A. C. No. 21 are yielding well 

 among the six-row sorts, while Invincible is one of the best 

 two-row varieties. 



''Why run a rotation of crops and above all things why 

 apply manure to land already so fertile," is a question frequently 

 heard. In answer: The land, though rich, will eventually 

 revolt against continued cropping without the return of fertilizer 

 and will retaliate by allowing the farmer to expend seed and 

 labour without realizfing a profit. A second good reason for the 

 application of farm-yard manure to the land is that we find 

 there is im"iediate profit in it as well. In 1909, twenty tons 

 of farm-yard manure on land sown to barley increased the 

 yield 16 bus. 42 lbs. per acre. These rotations will provide 

 interesting and valuable information in regard to cost .of pro- 

 duction and economy of soil fertility. Follow them. (See 

 plans for details of rotations followed.) 



Live Stock. 



Other than the horses necessary to do the work and cows 

 for the provision of milk for family use, no live stock were kept 



